Clara Zetkin's educational policy and pedagogical work in the Soviet Union

克拉拉·蔡特金在苏联的教育政策和教学工作

• 批准号: 458195020
• 负责人: Professorin Dr. Ingrid Miethe
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Institut für Erziehungswissenschaften
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 资助国家: 德国
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/458195020?language=en
• 关键词: Clara; Zetkin; educational; policy; pedagogical

Clara Zetkin is discussed primarily as a protagonist of the proletarian women’s movement. Her work in the field of education and educational policy has received little attention, and that mainly in the GDR and the Soviet Union in the form of an abridged, one-sided Marxist interpretation which omits all references to progressive educational ideas. Research since 1989, after the opening of Eastern archives, has been unable to remedy this deficit. Zetkin continues to be received primarily as a leader in women’s policy, and the sources that have become available since 1989 have only rarely been used to support a reinterpretation of her educational work. Zetkin’s work in the Soviet Union, beginning in 1921, has never been studied in depth. This is a blind spot in historical knowledge, especially from the point of view of education, since the development of socialism in the Soviet Union and Zetkin’s position in the Comintern offered her a first opportunity to implement her ideas in education and educational policy. The young Soviet state also made ideological objections to progressive education obsolete, so that Zetkin was very probably influenced by the changes inspired by the ideas of progressive educational reformers in the early Soviet educational system.The present project is aimed at investigating Zetkin’s work in education and education policy in the Soviet Union using a two-pronged approach: first, Zetkin’s work in education and educational policy as a Comintern official is reconstructed on the basis of the extensive source material available in the Russian State Archive of Socio-Political History; second, Zetkin’s works are examined to assess the extent to which her experience in the Soviet Union led her to change her positions on education or educational policy and to take up new issues, such as the education of minorities and the eradication of illiteracy. This is based on their published and unpublished publications in the period from 1919 to 1933. The present study thus contributes to an understanding of the relation between the workers’ movement on the one hand and progressive education and women’s history on the other.

克拉拉·蔡特金主要作为无产阶级妇女运动的主角被讨论。她在教育和教育政策领域的工作很少受到关注，主要是在民主德国和苏联，以删节的、片面的马克思主义解释的形式，忽略了所有涉及进步教育思想的内容。自1989年东方档案开放以来，研究一直无法弥补这一缺陷。蔡特金仍然主要被视为妇女政策的领导者，自1989年以来获得的资料来源很少被用来支持重新解释她的教育工作。蔡特金在苏联的工作，从1921年开始，从来没有深入研究过。这是历史知识的盲点，特别是从教育的角度来看，因为苏联社会主义的发展和蔡特金在共产国际的地位为她在教育和教育政策方面实施自己的思想提供了第一次机会。年轻的苏联国家也在意识形态上摒弃了对进步教育的反对，因此蔡特金很可能受到了早期苏联教育体系中进步教育改革者思想所激发的变革的影响。本项目旨在采用双管齐下的方法调查蔡特金在苏联教育和教育政策方面的工作：首先，蔡特金作为共产国际官员在教育和教育政策方面的工作是在俄罗斯国家社会政治史档案中广泛可用的原始材料的基础上重建的；其次，对蔡特金的作品进行考察，以评估她在苏联的经历在多大程度上改变了她对教育或教育政策的立场，并开始着手处理新的问题，如少数民族的教育和扫除文盲。这是基于他们在1919年至1933年期间发表和未发表的出版物。因此，本研究有助于理解工人运动与进步教育和妇女历史之间的关系。