A study on the development and application of clinically available new artificial bloods and artificial oxygen carriers

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A cellular hemoglobin (Hb) derivatives developed as red blood cell substitutes (BCSs) are known to be potent vasoconstrictors due to their EDRF/NO scavenging action. We therefore developed polyethylene glycol-modified Hb (PEG-Hb), and farther modified it to make s-nitrosylated PEG-Hb (SNO-PEG-Hb) as new candidate oxygen carriers, SNO-PEG-Hb possesses desirable properties as an B CS since it can release NO when tissue is hypoxic and absorbs NO when NO is produced to much. Furthermore, using a new machine we synthesized new emulsion to perfluorochemicals (PFCs) and manufactured several PFC compound as BCSs. We found that after injecting those compound to the rat that SNO-PEG-Hb induced least effects on functions and histology of liver and kidney among three Hb-based oxygen carriers (HBOC)s. Using flowcytemetry effects of HBOCs and PFC compounds on platelets were checked and t was suggested that SNO-PEG-Hb and the new PFC compound have least effects. We tried the application of HBOCs on acute anemia induced by Babesia infection in the dog. When SNO-PEG-Hb was infused to the brain ischemia-reperfiision model of the rats, it ameliorated their cognitive function. We applied the PFC compound in a dog model of cardiopulmonary bypass operation and it revealed that the compound can save heart from anemia-induced hypoxia. On this occasion simultaneous infusion of albumin was necessary. The ability of PFC compound for the preservation material in liver transplantation was checked. The acute lexicological test of PFCs compounds were performed and it was suggested that the new compound was the safest. Thus, SNO-PEG-Hb and the new PFC compound are expected to be good candidates for clinically available BCSs.