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Joint studies on the nuclear-encoded photosystem genes.

核编码光系统基因的联合研究。

基本信息

批准号：
11694190
负责人：
OBOKATA Junichi
金额：
$ 3.65万
依托单位：
Nagoya University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
1999
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1999 至 2000
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

This research project was planned for promoting the international joint studies by the plant physiologists of Japan (five scientists mentioned above), US (Prof. Anastasios Melis, University of California, Berkeley), and Germany (Prof.Ralf Oelmueller, Friedrich-Schiller Universitaet, Jena) on the biogenesis of photosystem complexes in higher plants and algae. During the period supported by the grant, 21 scientists in total have visited the laboratories one another and stayed there for the total days of 148, and performed the cooperative studies. The outcomes of these research are 26 papers published in the journals and books, 17 presentations in the international meetings, and 29 presentations at domestic meetings, and two patent applications. The major scientific findings are as follows ;1, We found that plant photosystem genes have unique promoter architecture and transcription initiation mechanisms for the first time ;2, We showed that the biogenesis of photosystem complexes is subjected to positive feedback regulation by photosynthetic electron flow ;3, The redox regulation of photosystem genes operates not only on mRNA abundance but also on poly-ribosome loading ;4, We developed a set of special LED light sources that excite PSI and PSII alternatively ;5, We revealed that the abundance of chlorophyll b is not so important for the biogenesis of light-harvesting antennas ;6, CAO (chlorophyll-oxygenase) plays important roles in adjusting the antennae size to environmental light strength ;7, We proposed a quite new hypothesis to explain the origin and evolution of chloroplats, based on the phylogenetic analyzes of CAO genes.

该研究项目旨在促进日本（上述五位科学家）、美国（加州大学伯克利分校Anastasios Melis教授）和德国（耶拿弗里德里希-席勒大学Ralf Oelmueller教授）的植物生理学家对高等植物和藻类中光系统复合体生物发生的国际联合研究。在赠款资助期间，共有21名科学家相互访问了实验室，在那里停留了148天，并进行了合作研究。这些研究的成果是在期刊和书籍上发表的26篇论文，在国际会议上发表的17篇论文，在国内会议上发表的29篇论文，以及两项专利申请。本论文的主要研究成果如下：1、首次发现植物光系统基因具有独特的启动子结构和转录起始机制，2、发现光系统复合体的生物合成受光合电子流的正反馈调控，3、光系统基因的氧化还原调控不仅与mRNA丰度有关，还与多聚核糖体的负载有关，4、发现光系统基因的转录起始机制与多聚核糖体的负载有关。4、我们研制了一套能交替激发PSI和PSII的LED光源;5、我们揭示了叶绿素B的丰度对捕光天线的生物发生并不重要;6、CAO叶绿素加氧酶（Chlorophyll-oxygenase）在调节触角大小以适应环境光强度中起重要作用; 7、基于CAO基因的系统发育分析，我们提出了一个新的假说来解释叶绿体的起源和进化。