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General Jurisprudential Study concerning the Environmental Conservation and the Use of Waters in the area of the Seto Inland Sea

濑户内海地区环境保护和水资源利用的一般法学研究

基本信息

批准号：
12420013
负责人：
NAKAYAMA Mitsuru
金额：
$ 8.26万
依托单位：
Kagawa University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
2000
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2000 至 2002
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-12420013/
关键词：
Seto Inland Sea Environmental conservation Use of Waters Law of Seto Inland Sea Marine gravel gathering Reclamation Industrial waste Environmental right

项目摘要

A large number of marine gravel has been gathered mainly in the Seto Inland Sea for the use of concrete aggregate and foundations of sea-surface reclamation. Lately, the prefectures surrounding the Seto Inland Sea has been prohibiting the gravel gathering because it caused the deterioration of the environment and fishery resources. Gravel is imported from China, Korea and so on. In consideration of the increase of national demand in each state, it is difficult for Japan to increase the import quantity of gravel, and also the increase of the import quantity threaten to deteriorate the environment in each state. The sea, including marine gravel, is governed by the state and autonomies, and in principle is not the object of private property.For the sake of the environmental conservation and the coordination of use of waters, it is necessary to make the most of the interpretation theory of the law in force, and also positively develop the legislation policy. In this respect, the Environmental Impact Assessment Ordinance is considerable. On the historical and cultural scenery, the Law for the Protection of Cultural Properties, City Planning Law, Public Waters Reclamation Law and the trend of local residents' campaign are related to each other. In the cause of conservation of proper ecosystem, it is required to strengthen the pressure on the reduction of waste and promote the recycling-based society by explicitly providing the prohibition of reclamation and marine gravel gathering in the Law of Seto Inland Sea. And it is also required to provide the standard of user coordination which gives the first priority to the environmental conservation, the system of public participation which local residents can be involved in the environmental conservation and management. For the achievement of these, it is useful to recognize residents' right of environmental common use.

大量的海洋砾石主要集中在濑户内海，用于混凝土骨料和海面填海地基。最近，濑户内海周边的县禁止了砾石采集，因为它导致了环境和渔业资源的恶化。日本从中国、韩国等国进口碎石，考虑到各国国内需求的增加，日本难以增加碎石的进口量，而且进口量的增加有可能使各国的环境恶化。海洋（包括海砾）属于国家和私人所有，原则上不是私有财产，为了保护环境和协调沃茨的利用，有必要充分利用现行法律解释理论，并积极发展立法政策。在这方面，《环境影响评估条例》是相当重要的。在历史文化景观方面，《文化财产保护法》、《城市规划法》、《公共沃茨开垦法》和当地居民运动的趋势相互关联。为了保护生态系统，需要在濑户内海法中明确规定禁止填海和海洋砾石采集，以加强减少废弃物的压力，促进循环型社会。同时，还应建立以环境保护为优先的用户协调标准，建立当地居民参与环境保护和管理的公众参与制度。为了实现这些目标，承认居民的环境共用权是有益的。