THE DEVELOPMENT OF TIME-RESOLVED TWO-DIMENSIONAL IMAGING INSTRUMENT FOR MONITORING MOLECULAR BEHAVIOR AT LIQUID/LIQUID INTERFACES

我们开发了一种新的仪器，使我们能够在没有任何扰动的情况下监测液/液界面的分子行为。该仪器基于我们自行开发的时间分辨准弹性激光散射（QELS）方法。在本研究项目中，我们的目标是：(1)将QELS技术应用于二维成像测量，测量QELS信号所需的所有光束（产生散射光和本振）和QELS信号只需要一个透镜进行校正。我们可以通过扫描透镜获得二维图像。(2)为了更广泛地应用QELS技术（例如，一相浑浊的样品，液态金属），我们采用了反射配置。因此，我们成功地开发了该仪器，并应用于以下科学和工业上有趣的系统。(1)液相界面相转移催化反应的动态分子行为。(2)水/硝基苯界面非线性化学振荡体系的分子动力学行为。(3)磷脂酶A2在油水界面水解磷脂单层（生物膜）。我们还成功地将时间分辨率从秒级提高到毫秒级，采用了具有高效时间分辨率的新型数据采样装置。这一改进为监测发生在毫秒级的液/液界面上的化学反应和分子纠正行为开辟了道路。

We have developed new instrument that enable us to monitor molecular behaviors at liquid/liquid interface without any perturbation. The instrument is based on Time-Resolved Quasi-Elastic Laser Scattering (QELS) method, which we have developed. In this research project, we aimed at following points, (1) To apply the QELS technique to two-dimensional imaging measurements, all necessary beams to measure QELS signal (generating scattered light and local oscillator) and QELS signals are corrected by only one lens. We can obtain two-dimensional image by scanning the lens. (2) To apply the QELS technique more widely (e.g. the samples whose one phase is turbid, liquid metal), we adopted reflective configuration. As a consequence, we succeed to develop the instrument and have applied to scientifically and industrially interesting systems as follows. (1) The dynamic molecular behavior of a phase transfer catalytic reaction at a liquid/liquid interfaces. (2) The dynamic molecular behavior of a nonlinear chemical oscillation system at water/nitrobenzene interfaces. (3) Hydrolysis reaction of phospholipid monolayer (biological membrane) by phospholipase A2 at oil/water interface. We also succeeded to improve time resolution from second to millisecond order by using new data sampling device with efficient time resolution. This improvement opens the way to monitor chemical reactions and corrective behavior of molecules at liquid/liquid interfaces which taking place in millisecond order.