权益分类	功能权益	普通用户	{{item.name}}会员
{{category.name}}	{{benefitItem.name}}

A Study on Agriculture Promotion in ESA and Direct Payment in Japan

ESA农业促进与日本直接支付研究

基本信息

批准号：
12460096
负责人：
KAGATSUME Masaru
金额：
$ 3.52万
依托单位：
KYOTO UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
2000
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2000 至 2002
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

The fields survey has been carried out on the current situations and on problems of the direct payment scheme mainly in the Less Favored Areas (LFA) such as Ehime, Kouchi and Hyogo prefectures. These have been compared with the direct payment schemes of Agri-Environmental policy in the LFA in the EU and China,In the case of the EU Agri-Environmental policy in the LFA, the direct payment scheme consists of two parts. One is offsetting income decrease caused by curtail of policy prices in MacSherry Reform in 1992, and the other one is compensating the gap in costs based on the physically handicapped productivities. In Japanese case, the policy target to offset price decrease caused by liberalization such as tariffication has not been fulfilled sufficiently and it is biased for those of offsetting the cost gap between LFAs and fertile flat areas. In addition, this policy is not compatible with production quota policy. Thus, the target to maintain agricultural production has not been attai … More ned completely.It is also confirmed that concerning the allocation of subsidy, even the village pool for cooperative activities has been taxed in individual basis and this situation decrease the participation rate.As for the participation rate for village agreement, the policy succeeded in terms of the agreement number to some extent. However, in terms of agreed areas, it stagnated at the level of 70 to 80 %. The reason for this is that in the depopulated areas with high rate of the aged farmers, it is difficult to keep farming for as long as 5 years. In order to increase participation rate, the assistance by the local government and agricultural cooperatives are desired. In many regions, it could to some extent contribute in discouraging farmers to quit farming, but hardly contribute in creating a multifunctional of the farming.In China, the LFA policy has just started and the "from farm to forest policy" is the first example of direct income payment to the farmers. The purpose is to prevent environmental degradation. It can be expected in the areas along Yangtze River where forest recovery is quick and fruit industry can be located. However, in the northwest areas where is not the case, effects of the policy could not be expected in short-term. In this area, the environmental policy is biased to the afforestation and from farm to forest policy. The policy assistance for stocking rate regulation for ecological environment improvement in the grassland areas is also not sufficient. Less

实地调查主要是在爱媛县、口知县和兵库县等较不发达地区进行的，内容涉及直接支付计划的现状和问题。这些与欧盟和中国《LFA》中农业环境政策的直接支付计划进行了比较。就《LFA》中的欧盟农业环境政策而言，直接支付计划由两部分组成。一是弥补1992年麦克谢里改革中政策性价格削减造成的收入减少;二是以残疾人的生产力为基础，弥补成本的差距。在日本，抵消关税化等自由化引起的价格下降的政策目标没有充分实现，而且偏向于抵消低海拔地区与肥沃平原地区之间的成本差距。此外，该政策与生产配额政策不兼容。因此，保持农业生产的目标没有实现。 ...更多信息在补贴的分配上，即使是村集体合作活动的资金也被单独征税，这种情况降低了参与率。在村协议的参与率方面，从协议数量上看，该政策在一定程度上取得了成功。但就商定领域而言，则停滞在70%至80%的水平。这是因为在人口稀少、老年农民比例高的地区，很难保持长达5年的耕作。为了提高参与率，需要地方政府和农业合作社的帮助。在我国，退耕还林政策刚刚起步，“退耕还林”政策是第一个直接向农民支付收益的例子。目的是防止环境退化。在沿着森林恢复快、果业可定位的地区，可期。但是，在西北地区，这种情况并非如此，政策的效果不能指望在短期内。该地区的环境政策偏向于植树造林和退耕还林政策。草原生态环境改善的载畜量调控政策支持力度不够。少