International Comparative Study on Promotion of Environment Friendly Rural Industries and Revitalization of the Mountainous Areas under the WTO system

在世界贸易组织贸易自由化与环境保护的体制下，日本、中国和欧洲进行了现状和问题的比较研究。在日本，重点关注起源于滋贺县Aito镇的油菜籽项目，以及中国的保育预留项目和德国的资源循环农业活动。在油菜籽项目中，在休耕地上种植油菜籽，用用过的菜籽油生产肥皂后，回收用过的菜籽油生产生物柴油（BDF）。这种BDF用于驾驶拖拉机、公务车或公共汽车。BDF是碳中性的，有助于减缓全球变暖。这个项目起源于德国。启动环境保护专项资金，用于环境保护和扶贫。这些项目都为环境保护和区域资源回收做出了贡献，但它们都面临着预算赤字和一些补贴的问题。此外，本研究项目还研究了关税减免政策对氮素循环的影响、农民选择行为对农地调整过程的影响以及山区城乡互动交流项目的教育效果。此外，通过环境库兹涅茨曲线的实证研究估算了全球推广环境友好型技术的社会成本。目前，自由贸易协定谈判迅速增加，而世界贸易组织谈判停滞不前。其中，中澳自由贸易协定和土耳其加入扩大后的欧盟对经济的影响在本研究报告中进行了讨论。分析结果表明，通过区域资源循环利用促进乡村振兴具有重要意义。因此，本研究对解决这些问题的政策的经济影响和可行性进行了评估和调查。少

Under the WTO regime for trade liberalization and environmental conservation, comparative study on current situation and problems has been conducted in Japan, China and Europe. In Japan, the Rapeseed Projects which was originated in Aito town, Shiga prefecture, has been focused on and the Conservation Set-Aside Program in China and Resource Recycled Farming Activities in Germany have been focused on. As for Rapseed Project, in the fallowed paddy field, the rapeseeds are grown and after producing soap from used rapeseed oil, Bio-diesel fuel (BDF) is produced by recycling the used rapeseed oil. This BDF is used for driving tractors, official cars or Bus. The BDF is carbon neutral and contributes for the mitigation of global warming. This projects had been originated in Germany. The Conservation Set-Aside Program in China was started for the environmental conservation and poverty relief. All of these projects has been contributing the environmental conservation and regional resource recyc … More ling but they have suffered from budget deficit and supported by several subsidies.Also, in this research project, the effects of tariff reduction policy on nitrogen recycling and the farmer's choice behavior on the farmland adjustment process have been conducted as well as the research on educational effects of interactive communication projects between cities and rural village in the mountainous areas.In addition, the social costs of promoting the environment friendly techniques globally were estimated through the empirical study on the Environment Kuznets Curve.Currently, FTA negotiation has rapidly increased while WTO negotiation has been stagnated. Among those, the economic impacts of the FTA between China and Australia and the accession of Turkey into the extended EU have been discussed in this research report.As the results of these analyses, it is pointed out that the promotion of rural revitalization through the regional resource recycling is important. And so, the economic impacts and viability of the policies to solve these issues have been evaluated and investigated in this research. Less