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THE UTILIZATION OF MELALEUCA CAJUPUTI IN DEGRADED PEAT SWAMP

白千层在退化泥炭沼泽中的利用

基本信息

批准号：
12460115
负责人：
NAGANO Toshihide
金额：
$ 8.9万
依托单位：
TOKYO UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
2000
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2000 至 2002
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-12460115/
关键词：
MELALEUCA CAJUPUTI PEAT SWAMP AREA ACID SULFATE SOIL DEGRADED PEAT SWAMP REFORESTATION FLOODING WATER-STRESS INDEX バイオ資源造林光合成特性 CO_2収支

项目摘要

In Thailand, natural peat swamp forests can be found only in Narathiwat. But, recently, the wide area of these swamp forests reclaimed rapidly for agriculture. The tropical lowland peat swamp in its original form is a tight and fragile ecosystem in which pyrite sediment or marine sand lies at the base and acid, oxygen-deficient and nutrient-poor water fills the peat layer. To develop restoration techniques for degraded land through reforestration, Melaleuca cajuputi planting trial has been carried out under different site conditions, such as sandy soil area, clay-sandy soil area, periodically-flooding area and peat swamp area. The oxidation of roots and rhizosphere was found in Melaleuca cajuputi grown in stagnant water, while almost no oxidation of roots and rhizosphere was found in Melaleuca cajuputi grown in air-bubbling water. The energy metabolism in roots of flooding Melaleuca cajuputi, has been investigated by measuring adenylates concentrations and activities of glycolytic and … More fermentative enzymes under flooding conditions. Radial oxygen loss from roots was observed on the flooded seedlings, suggesting that aerenchyma might be developed in flooded Melaleuca cajuputi, possibly enabling to survive under prolonged flooded conditions. The degraded peat area was happened wildfire frequently. The early recovery process of vegetation after a severe wildfire was investigated in degraded peat and acid sulfate soil area. Diurnal change in stem diameter of Melaleuca cajuputi was continuously measured as an index of plant water status. New water-stress index was developed from the relationship between cumulative solar radiation and cumulative shrinkage of stem diameter, which is a possible index of plant growth reduction under water-stress conditions. These results may be useful for the improvement of rehabilitation of degraded tropical lowland peat lands. The typical characteristics of Melaleuca cajuputi as a pioneer tree may be important factors that make this species is useful to human. Less

在泰国，天然泥炭沼泽森林只能在那拉提瓦找到。但是，最近，这些沼泽森林的大面积迅速开垦为农业。热带低地泥炭沼泽的原始形态是以黄铁矿沉积物或海砂为基底，酸性、缺氧、贫营养的水充填泥炭层的紧密而脆弱的生态系统。为探索退化土地的退耕还林技术，在桑迪土区、粘土-桑迪土区、水淹区和泥炭沼泽区进行白千层造林试验。生长在静水中的白千层根系和根际都有氧化现象，而生长在鼓气水中的白千层根系和根际几乎没有氧化现象。通过测定淹水胁迫下白千层根系腺苷酸含量、糖酵解和光合产物活性，研究了白千层根系的能量代谢。 ...更多信息在淹水条件下的发酵酶。从根径向氧损失被水淹的幼苗，表明通气组织可能在水淹白千层cajuputi发达，可能使长期淹水条件下生存。泥炭退化区是森林火灾的多发区。研究了退化泥炭和酸性硫酸盐土地区严重野火后植被的早期恢复过程。连续测定白千层茎直径的日变化，作为植物水分状况的指标。根据累积太阳辐射量与茎直径累积收缩量的关系，提出了一种新的水分胁迫指数，该指数可作为水分胁迫条件下植物生长减缓的一个可能指标。这些结果可能有助于改善退化的热带低地泥炭地的恢复。白千层作为先锋树种的典型特征可能是该树种对人类有用的重要因素。少