Epidemiological Study on Lifestyle Factors and Precancerous Lesion of the Large Bowel

点击翻译按钮获取中文摘要

By incorporating a lifestyle questionnaire in the preretirement health examination in the Self Defense Forces, we have integrated an epiderniological database regarding lifestyle factors and diease prevention. Subjects were male self-defense officials mostly aged early 50s. The following results were obtained:1. An increased risk of sigmoid colon adenomas associated with diabetes mellitus had been observed previously. In two independent populations, it was consistently found that diabetes mellitus was associated with an increased risk of adenomas of the proximal colon, but not of the distal colon.2. The relation of genetic polymorphisms of apolipoprotein E, glutathione S transferase and MTHFR to colorectal adenomas was examined. Apolipoprotein E4 allele was associated with a decreased risk of proximal colon adenomas, and there was a suggestive interaction between plasma folate levels and MTFHR genotype.3. Insulin-like growth factor IGF-I and binding protein IGFBP-3 have been implicated in colorectal carcinogenesis. An increased risk of colorectal adenomas associated with elevated levels of plasma IGF-I was observed especially after adjustment for IGFBP-3 and post-load 2-hour plasma glucose, It was also shown that body mass index was strongly related to both IGF-I and IGFBP-3. The latter findings indicate that the relation of body mass index to IGF-I and IGFBP-3 may differ in different populations.4. Colorectal cancer and gallstones seem to share common etiologies partly, and thus etiological research of gallstones may shed light on factors associated with colorectal cancer. While smoking was unrelated to gallstones, alcohol use was found to be protective in the formation gallstones. There was no evidence that coffee or caffeine intake is protective against gallstones. It is also found that diabetes mellitus was strongly related to liver injury.