Optimal matches between clause-embedding predicates and their clausal complements

子句嵌入谓词与其子句补语之间的最佳匹配

• 批准号: 460290687
• 负责人: Professorin Dr. Barbara Stiebels
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Institut für Linguistik
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Units
• 资助国家: 德国
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/460290687?language=en
• 关键词: Optimal; matches; between; clause; embedding

Clausal complementation is characterized by two important properties: (i) the predicate-specific instantiation of complementation structures and (ii) the interaction of the clause-embedding predicate (=CEP) and its interpretation with material in the complement clause (=CC). Property (i) concerns the instantiation of structures such as raising, control, NEG-raising, restructuring, and bridge phenomena; only specific subsets of CEPs occur with each of the aforementioned structures. Property (ii) has been shown inter alia for the licensing of mood markers (e.g., the subjunctive in Romance languages), “harmonic modals”, dependent verb morphology (infinitives, participles etc.), logophoric markers, and expletive negation in complement clauses of certain CEPs. Both properties point to an aspect that will be central in the project: the obvious matching requirement between the CEP and its complement clause. The ingredients that help to improve that match are taken here as instances of optimization: (a) addition of material in the complement clause (e.g., verbal mood, modals) that is needed only with certain CEPs (top-down effect) and (b) modification of the CEP (e.g., coercion) triggered by elements in the CC (bottom-up effect). A further important aspect of the project is the potential polysemy/vagueness of CEPs and its significance for the respective clausal complementation properties (e.g., Spanish sentir : ‘sense’ with indicative, ‘be sorry’ with subjunctive). It is the goal of the project to learn more about the direction of optimization in the match of CEP and CC by looking at polysemous/vague CEPs. The project will also be concerned with the cyclic/non-cyclic propagation of control, raising, restructuring and bridge phenomena in recursive structures of CEP stacking.The project critically addresses the significance of cyclic optimization for the interaction of syntax and semantics. By understanding specific CC types as independent cyclic domains, a potential problem for cyclic locality emerges: the wellformedness of these domains depends on the interpretation and other properties of the CEP (and potentially further elements in the higher/extended domain). Optimization, i.e., the selection of suitable CC candidates or CEP readings, cannot take place before CEP and CC are combined/merged. The project will tentatively explore if this problem can be solved by cyclic adjustment of semantic representations in an optimality-theoretic grammar.

小句补语具有两个重要的特征：(1)补语结构的特定于谓词的实例化；(2)嵌入小句的谓词(=CEP)及其解释与补语从句(=CC)中的材料的相互作用。属性(I)涉及提升、控制、NEG提升、重组和桥梁现象等结构的实例化；上述每个结构只出现特定的CEP子集。性质(Ii)特别适用于语气标记(例如，罗曼语中的虚拟语气标记)、“调和情态”、从属动词形态(不定式、分词等)、逻辑指代标记和某些CEP的补语从句中的咒语否定。这两个属性都指向将在项目中处于核心地位的一个方面：CEP及其补充子句之间的明显匹配要求。有助于改善这一匹配的成分在这里被视为优化的例子：(A)在补语从句中增加材料(例如，动词语气、情态动词)，这只是某些CEP所需要的(自上而下的效应)和(B)由CC中的元素触发的CEP的修饰(例如，胁迫)(自下而上的效应)。该项目的另一个重要方面是CEP的潜在多义性/模糊性及其对各自的从句补语性质的意义(例如，西班牙语Sentir：用指示语表示“感觉”，用虚拟语气表示“对不起”)。本项目的目标是通过观察多义/模糊的CEP来更多地了解CEP和CC匹配中的优化方向。该项目还将关注CEP堆栈递归结构中控制、提升、重组和桥现象的循环/非循环传播。该项目批判性地阐述了循环优化对于句法和语义交互的重要性。通过将特定的CC类型理解为独立的循环域，循环局部性的潜在问题出现了：这些域的完好性取决于CEP的解释和其他属性(以及更高/扩展域中的潜在更多元素)。在CEP和CC合并/合并之前，无法进行优化，即选择合适的CC候选者或CEP读数。该项目将试探性地探索这个问题是否可以通过在最优化理论语法中对语义表示进行循环调整来解决。