The history of domestic animals in Japan and adjoining areas : A zooarchaeological approach.

日本及邻近地区家畜的历史：动物考古学方法。

• 批准号: 12480030
• 负责人: MATSUI Akira
• 金额: $ 9.98万
• 依托单位: Independent Administrative Institution National Research Institute for Cultural Properties, Nara (2001-2002)Nara National Research Institute for Cultural Properties (2000)
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
• 财政年份: 2000
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2000 至 2002
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-12480030/
• 关键词: Domestication; Pigs; Ancient DNA; Stable Isotope; Diet; Wild boar; Molecular phylogeny; Sus scrofa; 家畜; 動物考古学; 環境考古学; DNA; 安定同位体食生分析; 安定同位体食性分析; 炭素・窒素安定同位体; 食性分析; 交易

We have observed wild boar or pig remains from Hokkaido to Okinawa and Korea. We could identified East Asian domestic pig mtDNA from Korea or other continental Asia, although they were not many. Another method to identify the domestic pigs from wild ones is stable isotopic analysis. If they were fed on natural resources, their diet should be all C3 plant foods, but they were domesticaticated, their ratio should be closer to human ratio because they were fed on human leftover or droppings. As a result, Boar remains that had been identified as Ryukyu wild boar indicated human feeding habit. Some boar remains from Gushibaru shell midden and Osato Gushuku(Castlle) in Okinawa Islands indicated they were fed on C4 plant foods. The same ratio could be found in some of Korean sites as well.There are no doubt that the domestic pigs existed in prehistoric Japan from Okinawa(Yayoi Culture) to Hokkaido(Okhotsk Culture), also in Honshu(Jomon? Or Yayoi Culture). We still have to increase the number of the specimen for DNA and stable isotopic analysis.

我们从北海道到冲绳和韩国都观察到了野猪或猪的遗骸。我们可以从韩国或其他亚洲大陆识别出东亚家猪的线粒体DNA，尽管数量不多。另一种鉴别家猪和野猪的方法是稳定同位素分析。如果它们以自然资源为食，它们的饮食应该都是C3植物性食物，但它们是被驯化的，它们的比例应该更接近人类的比例，因为它们是以人类的剩菜或粪便为食的。结果，被鉴定为琉球野猪的野猪遗骸表明了人类的饮食习惯。冲绳群岛的刚志原贝丘和大里城堡（城堡）发现的一些野猪遗骸表明它们以 C4 植物性食物为食。在韩国的一些遗址中也发现了同样的比例。毫无疑问，史前日本从冲绳（弥生文化）到北海道（鄂霍茨克文化）以及本州（绳文？或弥生文化）都存在家猪。我们还需要增加DNA和稳定同位素分析的样本数量。

项目成果

松井 章: "環境考古学-日本の美術423"至文堂. 98 (2001)

松井明：“环境考古学 - 日本艺术 423”Shibundo 98 (2001)。

Watanabe Koji, Matsui Akira: "Pigs during Edo period as foods"Financial Support For Research Projects On Dietary Culture. Vol.12. 81-88 (2002)

渡边浩二、松井明：“江户时代的猪作为食物”饮食文化研究项目的财政支持。

Ishiguro Naotaka Nakajima, A., Horiuchi, M., Shinagawa, M.: "Multiple nuclear pesudogenes of mitochondrial DNA exist in the caninegenome"Mammalian Genomes. 13(7). 335-340 (2002)

Ishiguro Naotaka Nakajima, A.、Horiuchi, M.、Shinakawa, M.：“犬基因组中存在线粒体 DNA 的多个核假基因”哺乳动物基因组。

Matsui Akira: "Jomon(Encyclopedia of Prehistory (Volume 3 : East Asia and Oceania))"Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers. 119-126 (2001)

松井明：《绳文（史前百科全书（第 3 卷：东亚和大洋洲））》Kluwer Academy/Plenum 出版社。

Iba Isao, Matsui Akira, Nakajima Tsuneo: "The Awazu Shell Midden : A submerged site at Lake Biwa(Ancient Lakes-Their cultural and biological diversity)"Kenobi Productions Ltd.. 135-145 (1999)

Iba Isao、Matsui Akira、Nakajima Tsuneo：“粟津贝冢：琵琶湖的水下遗址（古代湖泊-其文化和生物多样性）”Kenobi Productions Ltd.. 135-145 (1999)