The history of domestic animals in Japan and adjoining areas : A zooarchaeological approach.

我们观察了从北海道到冲绳和韩国的野猪或猪的遗骸。我们可以从韩国或其他亚洲大陆鉴定出东亚家猪的mtDNA，尽管数量不多。另一种区分家猪和野生猪的方法是稳定同位素分析。如果它们以自然资源为食，它们的饮食应该都是C3植物性食物，但它们是被驯化的，它们的比例应该更接近人类的比例，因为它们以人类的剩菜或粪便为食。因此，被鉴定为琉球野猪的野猪遗骸表明了人类的进食习惯。在冲绳岛的龟原贝壳堆和大东古竹堡的一些野猪遗骸表明，它们以C4植物性食物为食。在韩国的一些网站上也发现了同样的比例。毫无疑问，家猪存在于史前日本，从冲绳（弥生文化）到北海道（鄂霍次克文化），还有本州(绳纹？或者弥生文化)。我们还需要增加DNA和稳定同位素分析样本的数量。

We have observed wild boar or pig remains from Hokkaido to Okinawa and Korea. We could identified East Asian domestic pig mtDNA from Korea or other continental Asia, although they were not many. Another method to identify the domestic pigs from wild ones is stable isotopic analysis. If they were fed on natural resources, their diet should be all C3 plant foods, but they were domesticaticated, their ratio should be closer to human ratio because they were fed on human leftover or droppings. As a result, Boar remains that had been identified as Ryukyu wild boar indicated human feeding habit. Some boar remains from Gushibaru shell midden and Osato Gushuku(Castlle) in Okinawa Islands indicated they were fed on C4 plant foods. The same ratio could be found in some of Korean sites as well.There are no doubt that the domestic pigs existed in prehistoric Japan from Okinawa(Yayoi Culture) to Hokkaido(Okhotsk Culture), also in Honshu(Jomon? Or Yayoi Culture). We still have to increase the number of the specimen for DNA and stable isotopic analysis.