Fundamental Investigation for Objective Indices on Social Disturbance of the Children with Autism

自闭症儿童社交障碍客观指标的基础调查

• 批准号: 12480048
• 负责人: YAGUCHI Kiyoshi
• 金额: $ 4.35万
• 依托单位: JIKH UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE (2001-2002)Akita University (2000)
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
• 财政年份: 2000
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2000 至 2002
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-12480048/
• 关键词: Autism; Social disturbance; Event related potentials; P3a; FSb; Passive attention; Active attention; 語音識別; 視線認知; P300; 語音感受性; ミスマッチネガティビティ

It is well known that children with autism hardly respond to Iheir name when called, and show little interest in speech sound We recorded event related potentials on schod age children with high functioning autism and compared these potentials to those of same aged normal children. We assumed that they would have some disturbance to attend and/or percept incoming information. Because socially meaningful stimulus events are physically complex, a deficiency in sensory processing of complex stimuli has been suggested to contribute to the aberrant attentionand language in autism.In the first project year, acoustically matched simple tones, complex tones, and vowels were presented in separate oddball sequences, in which a repetitive, "standard" sound was occasionally replaced by an infrequent, "deviant" sound differing from the standard in frequency (by 7%). In addition to sensory responses, deviant sounds elicited an ERP index of automatic soundchange discrimination, the mismatch negativity (MMN), and an ERP index of attention orienting, the P3a.No significant difference was observed on MMN and P3a between both groups.This means that the sensory sound processing and passive attention processwere intact in the Mgh-functioning children with autism and they were not affected by sound complexity or "speechness".In the second and third project years both groups attended to vowel discrimination tasks and recorded ERR Significant difference was observed only in the P3b index between both groups. It was suggested that the children with autism have some difficulty in allocating active attention to the social significance of incoming information.In this third year, we also recorded ERP during eye direction discrimination tasks. The children with autism did not show mutual gaze effect on reaction time and ERP. We suppose thesefacts should contribute gready to the difficulty which children with autism experience in establishing human relationships.

众所周知，自闭症儿童在被叫到时几乎不会对自己的名字做出反应，对言语声音也不感兴趣。我们记录了高功能自闭症儿童的事件相关电位，并将这些电位与同龄正常儿童的电位进行了比较。我们假设他们会受到一些干扰来关注和/或感知传入的信息。因为具有社会意义的刺激事件在物理上是复杂的，所以对复杂刺激的感觉处理的缺陷被认为是导致自闭症异常注意力和语言的原因。在第一个项目年，声学上匹配的简单音调、复杂音调和元音以单独的奇怪序列呈现，其中重复的“标准”声音偶尔被频率与标准不同的罕见的“异常”声音所取代（通过 7%）。除了感觉反应外，异常声音还引发了自动声音变化辨别的 ERP 指数、失配负性（MMN）和注意定向的 ERP 指数 P3a。两组之间的 MMN 和 P3a 没有观察到显着差异。这意味着 Mgh 功能自闭症儿童的感觉声音处理和被动注意过程是完整的，并且没有受到声音的影响。 在项目的第二年和第三年，两组都参加了元音辨别任务并记录了 ERR。仅在两组之间的 P3b 指数中观察到显着差异。有人认为，自闭症儿童在主动关注传入信息的社会意义方面存在一定困难。在第三年，我们还在眼睛方向辨别任务中记录了 ERP。自闭症儿童并没有表现出相互注视对反应时间和 ERP 的影响。我们认为这些事实应该极大地加剧了自闭症儿童在建立人际关系方面所经历的困难。