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Development of ion source for highly charged microparticles and study of hypervelocity microparticle impact phenomena

高带电微粒离子源的开发及超高速微粒撞击现象的研究

基本信息

批准号：
12480135
负责人：
SHIBATA Hiromi
金额：
$ 4.1万
依托单位：
THE UNIVERSITY OF TOKYO
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
2000
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2000 至 2002
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-12480135/
关键词：
MICROPARTICLE DUST SPACE DUST MICROPARTICLE ION SOURCE HYPERVELOCITY IMPACT VAN DE GRAAFF ACCELERATOR ELECTROSTATIC ACCELERATOR

项目摘要

In order to investigate of hypervelocity microparticles (dust) in space, we have been developing a microparticle ion source, a time-of-flight (TOF) mass spectrometer for element analysis of dust particles and a PZT piezoelectric material as a real time dust detector. We have made performance tests of these instruments by impacting hypervelocity micro-particles with a 3.75 MV Van de Graaff accelerator at HIT (High Fluence Irradiation Facility, University of Tokyo). C, Ag, Ni and Fe microparticles of 0.2-10 μm in diameter are accelerated to the velocity range from 5 to 20 km/s, which is comparable to the velocity of microparticles in space.First, we have developed a new type of microparticle ion source which has enabled about 4 times longer operation time than ordinary one has done. Second, two kinds of reflected types of TOF mass spectrometers were tested their performance from the view point of mass resolution. The test results showed the reflected type TOF-MS with curved potential had higher mass resolution than that with parallel potential by factor 2 or 3. Moreover the TOF spectra of the curved potential type showed the higher detection efficiency, and the value was 10 times higher than that of the parallel reflectron TOF-MS. Third, the PZT elements have been testing as a microparticle detector. It is interesting to note that the PZT detector was sensitive to Xe ion beam, whose energy was the order of 10erg. This meant a possibility to detect hypervelocity particles, whose mass and velocity are of around 10pg and 10km/s, respectively. Experimental results were as follows ; (1) the PZT detector was found to be sensitive to particles, whose mass ranged from 0.01 to 100pg, and the velocity from 2 to 20 km/s, (2) the output voltage increased with increasing the kinetic energy of the particles.

为了研究太空中的超高速微粒子（尘埃），我们开发了微粒子离子源、用于尘埃粒子元素分析的飞行时间质谱仪和用于实时尘埃探测器的PZT压电材料。我们利用东京大学高通量辐照设施（HIT）的3.75 MV Van de Graaff加速器对超高速微粒进行了撞击性能测试。直径为0.2 ~ 10 μm的C、Ag、Ni、Fe微粒被加速到5 ~ 20 km/s的速度范围内，与空间微粒的速度相当。首先，我们开发了一种新型的微粒离子源，使其工作时间比普通离子源长4倍左右。其次，从质量分辨率的角度测试了两种反射型TOF质谱仪的性能。结果表明，弯曲电位反射型TOF-MS的质量分辨率比平行电位反射型TOF-MS高2 ~ 3倍。曲线电位型TOF谱的检测效率比平行反射型TOF谱的检测效率高10倍。第三，PZT元素作为微粒探测器进行了测试。有趣的是，PZT探测器对Xe离子束很敏感，其能量为10erg数量级。这意味着有可能探测到超高速粒子，其质量和速度分别约为10pg和10km/s。实验结果如下：(1) PZT探测器对质量为0.01 ~ 100pg、速度为2 ~ 20 km/s的粒子敏感；(2)输出电压随粒子动能的增大而增大。