Development of a Digital Photogrammetric System for Monitoring Rock Failure and Disaster Prevention

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Developments in a digital photogrammetry have produced a precise measuring tool in production of rock structures. This paper shows the applicability of photogrammetric techniques for the monitoring of displacements in rock slopes. A pilot study and experiment have been conducted to quantitatively examine the accuracies, and we obtained the results of photogrammetric investigation as follows.We made the photogrammetric theory by which we could measure the three dimensional displacements of rock slopes. The advantages of the theory are real time and high accurate measurements of deformation of rock slope by using digital cameras that are commercially available.We developed targets having the excellent reflective properties for a long term, and completed the automatic measurement system for rock slopes by using the image processing to recognize targets installed on the rock slopes.Some experiments demonstrated that this digital photogrammetry offers a practical and economical measurement tool that would yield less than 1mm positioning accuracies over large areas.These results of this study suggest that this measurement system is useful to prevent disasters by monitoring the behaviors of rock slopes accurately, immediately and without human skills.