Development and Clinical Application of the Database for the Functions of Ingestion, Swallowing and Respiration

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It seems that coordination among functions of mastication, swallowing and respiration is required so that the process from ingestion to swallowing of food can be performed normally. However, relationships among these functions have not been fully understood. In the present study, respiratory curve, mandibular movement, larynx movement and electromyograms of jaw muscles during the period from ingestion to swallowing were investigated in normal volunteers for the purpose of clarifying the effects of kinds and quantity of food on respiratory function and jaw and neck muscles' activities. The following conclusions were obtained.1.Pharyngeal swallowing for large food is controlled by increasing the number of transportation even in single swallowing.2.Respiration during ingestion was characterized by the size of food. Large food was taken in the inspiratory phase to help intake of food while small food was in the expiratory phase to avoid aspiration.3.Pharyngeal swallowing occurred in the expiration phase in all the trials for all subjects.4.The onset of swallowing apnea varied with experimental condition. Swallowing apnea in the expiration phase approached the onset of expiration with increase of the amount of water or food.5.Holding of the mandibular position is delayed to the suprahyoid muscles' activities during swallowing of the optimum amount of food compared to that of the smaller amount.6.Swallowing was performed faster for solid food or water of 20ml than for saliva or smaller amount of water.7.The onset of larynx movement always proceeds to that of swallowing apnea and the duration between them is constant irrespective with the kinds and amount of food and drink.