atomic force microscop coupled with Raman spectrometer (Raman-AFM)

拉曼原子力显微镜是一种结合了原子力显微镜（AFM）和拉曼光谱两种表面敏感技术的最先进的研究仪器。本文提出的拉曼原子力显微镜可以在纳米尺度上研究电极材料和复合材料的表面化学和表面结构的共定位信息。我们希望采用拉曼原子力显微镜的电催化过程的基本理解。通常，电化学反应发生在电解质和电极表面之间的界面处。拉曼原子力显微镜的使用能够检测吸附的表面物种或电极表面的化学和形态变化，例如金属氧化物的阴极还原，作为所施加的电势的函数。另一方面，导电AFM测量可以应用于关联的离聚物的空间分布的电极表面的地形信息，这强烈影响在燃料电池和电解的催化性能。我们的目标是将电极材料或复合材料的空间表面性质与燃料电池或电解的操作条件联系起来。毫无疑问，这两种表面敏感技术的独特和先进的组合提供了更深入的了解材料和催化性能到目前为止。拉曼原子力显微镜是很少使用在今天的电催化社区，由于其高度的复杂性和巨大的技术努力。 需要进一步开发和使用这种先进组合的方法，以详细探索电解质/电极界面处的表面化学和表面结构。我们的调查显示，几家公司和他们的方法，联合收割机结合技术的空间和化学研究领域的电催化。

Raman-AFM is a state-of-the-art research instrument which combines both surface-sensitive techniques, namely atomic force microscopy (AFM) and Raman spectroscopy in a unique manner. The here proposed Raman-AFM allows investigating co-localized information of surface chemistry and surface structure of electrode materials and composites on the nano scale. We want to employ the Raman-AFM for fundamental understanding of electrocatalytic processes. Generally, electrochemical reactions occur at the interface between electrolyte and electrode surface. The use of Raman-AFM enables to detect adsorbed surface species or chemical and morphological changes of the electrode surface, e.g. cathodic reduction of metal oxides, as a function of the potential applied. On the other hand, conductive AFM measurements can be applied to correlate the topographic information of the electrode surface with the spatial distribution of ionomers, which strongly influences the catalytic performance in a fuel cell and electrolysis. Our aim is to link the spatial surface properties of the electrode materials or composites with the operating conditions of a fuel cell or electrolysis. Definitely, this unique and advanced combination of both surface-sensitive techniques provides deeper insights into the material and catalytic properties so far. Raman-AFM is rarely used in the today´s electrocatalysis community due to its high complexity and large technical efforts. Further development and methods for the use of this advanced combination is required to explore the surface chemistry and surface structure at the electrolyte/electrode interface in detail. Our inquires show several companies and their approaches to combine both techniques for spatial and chemical investigations in field of electrocatalysis.