Continuity and Change of Alevi-Bektasi traditional culture in Turkey and Bulgaria

包括Bektashi人在内的Alevi族群成员在互惠协会、waqf或公共村庄制度的框架内履行各种社会职能。无论是组织框架的类型，还是它们所执行的活动，都有很大的差异。为了了解阿勒维人独特的民族特色和生活方式，我们考察了他们的一些基本仪式、活动和习俗。在土耳其，我们考察了两个选定的团体：伊斯坦布尔的Karacaahmet协会和安卡拉附近的Aydos Waqf。我们还研究了保加利亚的梅仪式，以及土耳其的杰姆仪式。我们发现在使用的圣歌、吟游诗人的参与（包括当地的和巡回的）以及当地法院的社会文化功能方面有许多变化。从这次调查中，我们发现了各种各样的阿勒维特征，这些特征使我们相信，阿勒维可能被认为与主流的逊尼派或什叶派伊斯兰教团体不同。土耳其最近政治和社会环境的变化使阿莱维人的地位更加不稳定。此外，他们在世界各地的广泛分布值得进一步研究他们的文化。

Members of the Alevi ethnic group, that includes the Bektashi, perform various social functions within the framework of mutual benefit associations, waqf, or under a communal village system. There is great diversity in both the type of organizational framework, as well as the activities that they perform.In order to identify the special ethnic and lifestyle characteristics of the Alevi, we observed some of their basic rites, activities and customs. In Turkey, we looked at two selected groups : the Karacaahmet Association in Istanbul and the Aydos Waqf near Ankara. We also looked at the Mae rites in Bulgaria, as well as the Cem rites in Turkey.We found a number of variations in the chants used, the participation of minstrels (both local and itinerant), and the socio-cultural functions of the local court.From this investigation, we identified various Alevi characteristics that make us believe that the Alevi may be considered as distinct from the mainstream Sunni or Shiite Islamic groups.Recent changes in the political and social environment in Turkey have made the status of the Alevi people more fluid. In addition, their wide dispersion around the world warrants further investigation into their culture.