A Comparative Study of Culture and Society in Fuzhou and Quanzhou, Fujian Province and Okinawa

本研究试图对琉球和福建这两个有着悠久互动历史的地区的各种文化和社会现象进行比较研究。选择福建泉州和福州作为研究区域，这是从事中国和琉球之间贸易的琉球船只停靠的港口。冲绳Kume村的一些宗族（munchu）的祖先是来往于中国和琉球之间的福建商人，他们最终定居在冲绳，从20世纪80年代后半期开始努力寻找自己的根。从那时起，他们就与祖先的“家乡”保持着联系。在此背景下，台湾和东南亚华侨寻根福建的活动开始流行起来。因此，研究小组根据姓氏组成，目的是从事血统的历史研究，并接待海外华人游客来寻找他们的根。虽然以父系血缘为基础的同姓世系一直是汉族传统的血缘网络，但在现代背景下经济文化全球化的背景下，传统的寻根观念与现代网络人际关系的重建完美结合。这使得福建在新的社会条件下形成了“复兴传统文化”的新文化思潮。中国和琉球的历史交流给冲绳带来了各种各样的文化影响，如祭祖、剔骨、“风水”、“龟背墓”、“石车”、“shisa”等等。虽然研究这些文化特征的引入历史也很重要，但与福建比较研究它们迄今在冲绳文化背景下的发展情况是必要的。因此，本项目试图探讨这些文化特色在福建的现状，并将其与冲绳的情况进行比较。在社会经济方面，进行了私人融资和花卉商业种植的实地工作。通过对福建民间融资的“标汇”与冲绳民间融资的“摩埃”进行比较，发现在福建，民间融资的重点似乎从互助转向了盈利，而在冲绳，民间融资的“摩埃”则多以营利为目的。少

This research attempted a comparative study of the various cultural and social phenomena in the Ryukus and Fujian, two areas that have had a long history of interaction. Quanzhou and Fuzhou in Fujian were chosen as the areas of study, these being places where the Ryukyuan ships engaged in trade between China and the Ryukyus made port calls.A number of clans (munchu) in the village of Kume in Okinawa, whose ancestors were Fujian traders going back and forth between China and the Ryukyus and who eventually settled in Okinawa, began efforts to search for their roots in the latter half of the 1980s. Since then, they have maintained contacts with the "hometown" of their ancestors. In light of this, efforts by overseas Chinese in Taiwan and Southeast Asia to trace their roots in Fujian became popular. As a result, study groups were organized according to surnames with the purpose of engaging in the historical study of the lineages and hosting overseas Chinese visitors who came to search for … More their roots.While the lineages based on paternal blood relations of people with the same surname have always been a traditional kinship network of the Han Chinese, within the context of economic and cultural globalization in the modern setting, the traditional concept of searching for ancestral roots and the rebuilding of modern network personal connections combine perfectly. This has given rise to a new cultural trend of "reviving the traditional culture" under the new social conditions in Fujian, China.Historical exchange between China and the Ryukyus brought various cultural influences to Okinawa, as seen in ancestor worship, bone-cleaning, "fengshui," turtle-back graves, "ishigauto," "shisa," and so forth. Although a study of the history of the introduction of such cultural features is also important, a comparative study with Fujian of how they developed in the Okinawan cultural context up to this date is necessary. For this reason, this project attempted to look into the status of these cultural features in Fujian today and compare this with the situation in Okinawa.In the social and economic aspect, field work was done on private financing and the commercial cultivation of flowers. In a comparison of private financing called "biaohui" in Fujian and "moai" in Okinawa, which is for both mutual-help and profit-making purposes, it was found that in Fujian, the focus seems to be moving from mutual-help to profit-making, while in Okinawa, "moai" is mostly for the latter purpose. Less