Study on earthquake ground motion and geological structure in focal area of the 1999 Kocaeli earthquake.

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Heavy damage was experienced in many cities in the north-western part of Turkey during the Kocaeli earthquake and the Duzce earthquake in 1999. Although several strong ground motion records were obtained in the area, there are not enough records in the heavy damage area to understand causes of the damage. Furthermore, subsurface structural data that are very important in assessment of ground motion characteristics are not well defined in the heavy damage area.In this study, we conducted single-point measurements and array measurements of microtremors in Adapazari and Duzce areas for estimation of site amplification factors. First, we estimated subsurface structure using microtremor data from the array and single-point measurements. We also conducted earthquake observation for small earthquakes in Adapazari. The models in Adapazari were examined in travel time analysis of initial P- and S-waves using earthquake data from small events. Then, we discussed ground motion amplification characteristics calculated from the estimated models.