The global group management and inter-organizational learning of Japanese companies

随着日本企业集团管理变革的推进，全球集团管理正成为一个重要的主题。具体地说，知识经济下全球竞争的核心是知识创造、全球知识共享和组织间学习，本研究还对日本企业全球集团协同战略的追求进行了研究。对日本在美子公司和中国进行了约谈调查。另一种是问卷调查，2002年6月向2371家日本外资子公司发出问卷，获得286家公司的有效回复，2002年12月向1253家日本总部发出问卷，获得104家公司的有效问卷，得到以下研究结果。通过知识流动的活动和全球学习的进展，总部向海外子公司的转移也达到了开发高附加值产品和日本传统产品和生产知识的目的，不仅成为一种详细的知识转移手册，而且正在成为各种有效的案例收集的转移工具。另一方面，从海外子公司向总部和其他海外子公司的反向转移也在进行中。逆向转移的知识转移效应主要体现在核心业务的强化和新产品的开发上，在知识的反向转移中，包括非正式结构、区域总部支持和互信关系在内的反向转移体系发挥着重要作用。

While the change of group management of Japanese companies progresses, global group management is becoming an important theme. Specifically, the core of global competition in knowledge economy is creation of knowledge, a global knowledge share, and inter-organizational learning, and pursuit of the global group synergy strategy of Japanese companies was also done this research.This time, we conducted the following investigations in order to clarify of the global group management and inter-organizational learning of Japanese companies.First one is a field survey. Interview investigation was conducted to the Japanese subsidiary in the United States and China. Another one is a questionnaire survey.While sending the questionnaire to 2371 Japanese foreign subsidiaries in June, 2002 and obtaining the effective reply from 286 companies, sending the questionnaire to 1253 Japanese head offices in December, 2002, and the effective reply was obtained from 104 companies.As a result, we were able to get the following research result. By activity of a knowledge flow, and progress of global learning, the transfer from head office to an overseas subsidiary also attains to development of a high added value product and a Japanese traditional product and production knowledge, and is becoming a transfer tool not only with a detailed knowledge transfer manual but the various effective case collections.On the other hand, the reverse transfer from an overseas subsidiary to the head office and other overseas subsidiaries is also progressing. The reverse transferred knowledge transfer effect is strongly seen to strengthening of the core business and new product development.In the reverse transfer of the knowledge, a reverse transfer system including informal structure, support of the regional headquarter and the mutual trust relation is playing the important role.