Redaction and Tradition History of the Oracles concerning Egypt in Ez 29-32

虽然《以西结书》是当前希伯来语圣经研究中极受关注的主题，但到目前为止，对以西结书29-32中关于埃及的先知研究却非常少。有两个特别的研究理想是拟议项目的起点：1)关于Ez29-32的文学和节录历史，到目前为止，主要是对Ez29-32的选定部分进行小规模研究。它们为文本语料库提供了一段漫长而复杂的文学史。然而，缺少的是一份全面的历时分析，它考察了以斯29-32的整体，并将结果与以西结书的节录和作曲史联系起来。2)前人对《以东记29-32》可能的古代东方背景的研究揭示了对古代东方传统的广泛引用，特别是埃及传统，但几乎没有考虑到文本的历时文学史。虽然目前的文学史研究假设从公元前6世纪到希腊化时期的以西结书有很长一段时间的传播和节录，但关于以西结书29-32年主题的传统历史背景的研究大多依赖于文本本身给出的日期，假设它们起源于公元前6世纪上半叶。然而，这一年代测定排除了先验的圣经外影响问题的一些潜在背景。因此，到今天为止，研究仅限于公元前3世纪和公元前2千年的埃及材料，而埃及晚期的材料，特别是波斯和托勒密时期的材料，还没有被考虑在内。当然，这不仅是因为关于埃及甲骨文年代的假设，而且部分是因为所讨论的晚期材料最近才成为埃及学研究的兴趣焦点。这里提出的研究项目解决了这些问题，并希望通过将Ez29-32作为详细调查的对象，将研究交织在文本的历时文学史和可能的埃及影响的研究中。在这一点上，该项目在两个方面具有创新性：一方面，对圣经外影响的研究一直与文本的历时文学史联系在一起。另一方面，考虑到最近才在埃及学领域获得的新材料。因此，该项目还可以为一般的以西结书研究开辟新的途径。工作假设是，晚期埃及思想和传统的更强影响可以发现，特别是在埃及甲骨文较年轻的文学水平上，部分甚至可以追溯到托勒密时期。

While the book of Ezekiel is the subject of great attention in current research on the Hebrew Bible, the oracles concerning Egypt in Ez 29–32 have been remarkably little studied to date. Two research desiderata in particular are the starting point of the proposed project:1) Concerning the literary and redaction history of Ez 29–32, there are to date mainly small-scale studies on selected parts of Ez 29–32. They suggest a long and complex literary history for the text corpus. What is lacking, however, is a comprehensive diachronic analysis that examines Ez 29–32 as a whole and links the results with the redaction and composition history of the book of Ezekiel. 2) Previous research on the possible ancient oriental background of Ez 29–32 has unveiled extensive references to ancient oriental, especially Egyptian, traditions, but has hardly ever taken into account the diachronic literary history of the texts. While current literary historical research assumes a long period of transmission and redaction for the book of Ezekiel that reaches from the 6th century up to the Hellenistic period, studies concerned with the tradition-historical background of the motifs in Ez 29–32 mostly rely on the dates given in the texts themselves, assuming their origin in the first half of the 6th century BC. This dating, however, excludes some potential contexts for the question of extra-biblical influences a priori. Thus, research has until today exclusively focused on Egyptian material from the 3rd and 2nd millennium B.C., while material from Late Period Egypt, especially the Persian and Ptolemaic periods, has not been taken into account. Of course, this was not only due to assumptions regarding the dating of the Egypt oracles, but partly also to the fact that the Late Period material in question has only recently become the focus of interest in Egyptological research.The research project proposed here addresses these problems and desiderata by making Ez 29–32 the object of a detailed investigation that intertwines the study the diachronic literary history of the texts and the study of possible Egyptian influences. In this, the project is innovative in two ways: on the one hand, the study of extra-biblical influence is consistently linked back to the diachronic literary history of the texts. On the other hand, new material that has only recently been made accessible in the field of Egyptology is taken into account. The project can, thus, also open new avenues for the study of the book of Ezekiel in general.The working hypothesis is that a stronger influence of late Egyptian ideas and traditions can be found especially on younger literary levels of the Egypt oracles which partly even date as late as the Ptolemaic period.