Development of calculation procedure of directional design wind speeds with hybrid-use of typhoon simulation an full-scale measurement

建立了台风数据库，并利用该数据库对台风年出现率、中心气压深度、平移速度、最大风向半径等重要参数进行了评估。提出了一种改进的台风模拟方法。对于模拟方法来说，成功的关键有两个。一个是台风气压场参数的统计表示，另一个是评估地面风的准确性。在这两点上对本文提出的台风模拟方法进行了改进。本研究提出了所谓的基于POD的压力模型，并混合使用了观测记录和计算值。利用改进的台风风速计算方法和非台风风速统计计算方法对风速概率进行了估算。基于风向风速概率，计算了高层建筑的风荷载效应。根据观测记录对非台风风进行了评估。为了确保独立性，在改进的Jensen和Frank方法的基础上，对相隔2天以上的峰进行采样。这些统计分析是在考虑地面表面粗糙度的情况下进行的。为了评价地表粗糙度，利用多普勒汽水、风洞实验和数值模拟进行了全尺度观测。同时考虑台风风和非台风风的影响，计算了方向风速的超越概率。在此基础上，结合上述研究，提出了日本地区的风速计算方法和风速图。

A Database for typhoons was constructed, and used to evaluate important parameters such as annual occurrence rate, central pressure depth, translation speed and radius of maximum wind. An improved simulation method for typhoon was also proposed. For the simulation method, there are two keys to success. One is statistical representation of typhoon pressure field parameters, and the other is accuracy in evaluating surface wind. The typhoon simulation method proposed was improved on these two points. This research proposed the so-called POD-based pressure model and hybrid use of observed records and calculated values. Directional wind speed probabilities were evaluated using an improved method for typhoon winds and a statistical method for non-typhoon winds. Wind load effects on tall buildings were calculated on the basis of directional wind speed probabilities. Non-typhoon winds were evaluated from observed records. In order to ensure independence, peaks more than 2 days apart were sampled on the basis of the modified Jensen and Frank method. These statistical analyses were conducted taking the surface roughness of the ground into account. For evaluating the surface roughness of ground, full-scale observations were conducted using the doppler sodas, wind tunnel experiments and numerical simulations. Considering the effects of both typhoon and non-typhoon winds, the exceeding probabilities of directional wind speeds were calculated. These probabilities were used to estimate the equivalent wind speed and directional wind speed factors of 100-year-return-period wind loads were given.Consequently, considering the above studies, procedures for the calculation of directional wind speeds were proposed as well as wind speed maps for Japanese areas.