Studies on the function and role of grazing domestic animals in the semi-mountainous regions of Kyushu

在2002年，土地利用和牛放牧在森林中的行为进行了监测使用GPS。这些动物在山上的休息区和低地的饮水点之间移动时吃草。他们花了10，40和50%的一天移动，放牧和其他活动，分别。芒是最受欢迎的植物。2003年，移动饮水点被证明可以有效地改变牛的活动范围。放牧使林下植被生物量减少50- 70%，在林下植被治理中显示出相当大的省力优势。尽管3年来载畜量一直很高，但建议在放牧季节结束时清除动物避开的植物。确保高水平的承载能力。随着放牧年限的增加，万年青乔木增加，落叶乔木和草本植物减少。这主要归因于动物对植物选择性的动态。对宫崎县诸冢村的实地分析表明，大部分木材生产林区适合于林牧系统。虽然放牧林溪流中硝态氮浓度高于非放牧林，但远低于自来水（人饮用水）标准。假俭草是一种很有发展前途的牧草，其建植和生长发育最好在东坡，初夏播种，不受氮肥的影响。

In 2002, land use and behavior of cattle grazing in a forest were monitored using a GPS. The animals grazed during moving between a resting area on a hill and a drinking point in lowland. They spent 10, 40 and 50% of day moving, grazing and with other activities, respectively. Miscanthus sinensis was the most preferred plant. In 2003, moving the drinking point was shown to be effective in modifying the home range of cattle. Grazing decreased biomass of undergrowth by 50-70%, showing considerable labor-saving advantage in undergrowth control. Although carrying capacity remained high for 3 years, it was recommended that plants avoided by animals should be removed at the end of grazing season to. ensure a high level of carrying capacity. There was a trend of increasing evergreen trees and decreasing deciduous trees and herbaceous plants with the progression of grazing years. which was mainly attributed to dynamics in plant selectivity by the animals. Site analysis of Morotsuka Village, Miyazaki Prefecture, showed a majority of timber-producing forest areas are suitable for the silvipastoral system. Although nitrate-nitrogen concentration of stream water in the grazing forest was higher than that in the non-grazing forest, the concentration was much lower than the standard for tap water (human drinking). Establishment and development of centipedegrass, a promising herbage species, were best on an eastern slope, with seeding by early summer, and were not affected by nitrogen fertilizer.