Studies on the function and role of grazing domestic animals in the semi-mountainous regions of Kyushu

九州半山区放牧家畜的功能和作用研究

• 批准号: 13460120
• 负责人: SUGIMOTO Yasuhiro
• 金额: $ 8.45万
• 依托单位: University of Miyazaki
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
• 财政年份: 2001
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2001 至 2003
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-13460120/
• 关键词: Forest grazing cattle; Global Positioning System; Miscanthus sinensis; Undergrowth control; Silvipastoral system; Site analysis; Nitrate; Centipedegrass; 林内放牧; 黒毛和種; スギ林; 硝酸濃度; スギ; ヒノキ; DNA; 植物種の多様性; センチピートグラス

In 2002, land use and behavior of cattle grazing in a forest were monitored using a GPS. The animals grazed during moving between a resting area on a hill and a drinking point in lowland. They spent 10, 40 and 50% of day moving, grazing and with other activities, respectively. Miscanthus sinensis was the most preferred plant. In 2003, moving the drinking point was shown to be effective in modifying the home range of cattle. Grazing decreased biomass of undergrowth by 50-70%, showing considerable labor-saving advantage in undergrowth control. Although carrying capacity remained high for 3 years, it was recommended that plants avoided by animals should be removed at the end of grazing season to. ensure a high level of carrying capacity. There was a trend of increasing evergreen trees and decreasing deciduous trees and herbaceous plants with the progression of grazing years. which was mainly attributed to dynamics in plant selectivity by the animals. Site analysis of Morotsuka Village, Miyazaki Prefecture, showed a majority of timber-producing forest areas are suitable for the silvipastoral system. Although nitrate-nitrogen concentration of stream water in the grazing forest was higher than that in the non-grazing forest, the concentration was much lower than the standard for tap water (human drinking). Establishment and development of centipedegrass, a promising herbage species, were best on an eastern slope, with seeding by early summer, and were not affected by nitrogen fertilizer.

在2002年，土地利用和牛放牧在森林中的行为进行了监测使用GPS。这些动物在山上的休息区和低地的饮水点之间移动时吃草。他们花了10，40和50%的一天移动，放牧和其他活动，分别。芒是最受欢迎的植物。2003年，移动饮水点被证明可以有效地改变牛的活动范围。放牧使林下植被生物量减少50- 70%，在林下植被治理中显示出相当大的省力优势。尽管3年来载畜量一直很高，但建议在放牧季节结束时清除动物避开的植物。确保高水平的承载能力。随着放牧年限的增加，万年青乔木增加，落叶乔木和草本植物减少。这主要归因于动物对植物选择性的动态。对宫崎县诸冢村的实地分析表明，大部分木材生产林区适合于林牧系统。虽然放牧林溪流中硝态氮浓度高于非放牧林，但远低于自来水（人饮用水）标准。假俭草是一种很有发展前途的牧草，其建植和生长发育最好在东坡，初夏播种，不受氮肥的影响。

项目成果

杉本安寛: "林畜複合システム-宮崎県諸塚村の事例を中心に-"日本草地学会誌. 47. 644-651 (2002)

Yasuhiro Sugimoto：“森林和牲畜复合系统——以宫崎县诸冢村为例”，日本草原学会杂志，47. 644-651 (2002)。

伊藤哲: "森林生態系と森林ゾーニング"森林GISフォーラムニュースレター. 20巻(印刷中). (2004)

Satoshi Ito：“森林生态系统和森林分区”森林 GIS 论坛通讯第 20 卷（印刷中）。

Moriya, K., Yashimura, T., Kitagawa, M., Oyamada, M., Sugimoto, Y.: "Monitoring cattle behavior in the forest using GPS records"Animal Science Journal. 74. 229-234 (2003)

Moriya, K.、Yashimura, T.、Kitakawa, M.、Oyamada, M.、Sugimoto, Y.：“使用 GPS 记录监测森林中牛的行为”动物科学杂志。

三澤尚明, 杉本安寛: "放牧牛の糞便大腸菌の遺伝子マーカーを指標とした林内放牧地由来の環境汚染評価法"日本草地学会誌. 48巻(別号). 168-169 (2002)

Naoaki Misawa、Yasuhiro Sugimoto：“以放牧牛粪便大肠杆菌遗传标记为指标来评估森林牧场环境污染的方法”，《日本草原学会杂志》第 48 卷（分刊）。 2002）

杉本 安寛: "森畜複合システム-宮崎県・諸塚村の事例を中心に-"Grassland Science. 47.6. 644-651 (2002)

杉本泰宏：“森林和畜牧业复合系统——以宫崎县诸冢村为例”《草原科学》47.6（2002）。