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Genetic differentiation and phylogeny of domestic and wild bovines basedon DNA information

基于DNA信息的家养牛和野生牛的遗传分化和系统发育

基本信息

批准号：
13460146
负责人：
NAMIKAWA Takao
金额：
$ 9.79万
依托单位：
Nagoya University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
2001
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2001 至 2003
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-13460146/
关键词：
genetic resources animal history cattle water buffalo domestic animal genetic variation genetic differentiation satellite DNA 牛亜科牛水牛遺伝的分化系統進化多元起源説 AFLP

项目摘要

1.It has been unclosed by our group and other researchers that most Asian native cattle are originated from various grades of mixtures with three distinct types of cattle, that is, the humpless (or European type) cattle, Indian zebu cattle and banteng(Bos javanicus, a wild cattle endemic to Southeast Asia). Similarly, the domestic water buffaloes are classified into two major types, that is, the, swamp type buffaloes and river type buffaloes. In some area of eastern Asia, however there are mixed populations with the two types. The native domestic cattle and water buffaloes have the polygenic origin of domestication.2.The present research aimed to establish an efficient method to estimate genetic conformation of Asian domestic bovines by using satellite DNAs which occupy 4% of the whole genome. We analyzed repeated sequence of satellite DNAs of water buffalo and found two different repeated sequences in the satellite DNAs. One named S-I was found by a restriction enzyme BamHI and 1400bp in size of the repeat-unit (800bp and 600bp when used a restriction enzyme Stu I). The other repeat-unit named S-II was 700bp by Bam HI and 400bp and 300bp by Stu I. The S-I and S-II were confirmed to localize specific to C-band regions or the centromeric regions of the chromosomes by FISH method. However, FISH signal intensity on respective chromosomes were different between S-I and S-II. Homologies of S-I andS-II from the water buffaloes were 79% and 81% to those of cattle, respectively.3.Thus, if we could select specific restriction enzymes to produce specific fragments of those repeat-units in satellite DNAs to different types of bovines or bubalines, their genetic confirmation would be easily estimated at a level of individual. We could give essential information to establish such method.

1.本课题组和其他研究者揭示了大多数亚洲本地牛起源于三种不同类型的牛的不同等级的混合物，即无峰牛（或欧洲型）、印度瘤牛和斑腾牛（Bos javanicus，东南亚特有的一种野生牛）。同样，国内水牛也分为两大类，即沼泽型水牛和河流型水牛。在东亚的一些地区，也有两种类型的混合种群。本地家牛和水牛具有多基因的驯化起源。2.本研究旨在利用占全基因组4%的卫星DNA建立一种有效的亚洲家牛遗传构型的估计方法。通过对布法罗卫星DNA重复序列的分析，发现两个不同的重复序列。经BamHI酶切发现一个S-I，重复单位大小为1400 bp（用Stu I酶切时为800 bp和600 bp）。另一个重复单位命名为S-Ⅱ，BamH Ⅰ为700 bp，Stu Ⅰ为400 bp和300 bp。经FISH方法证实，S-I和S-II特异定位于染色体的C带区或着丝粒区。但在S-I和S-II两种细胞中，各染色体上的FISH信号强度不同。水牛S-I和S-II与黄牛的同源性分别为79%和81%。因此，如果能选择特异的限制性内切酶，将这些重复单位的片段特异性地扩增到不同类型的牛或水牛的卫星DNA中，就可以在个体水平上进行遗传确认。我们可以提供建立这种方法的必要信息。