Study on Phylogeny and Screening of Functional Gene Variants in the Domesticated Bovines and Bubalines, and their Related Wild Species by using DNA Analyses.

1)转铁蛋白在亚洲水牛中的多态性及其在亚洲水牛中的比较研究转铁蛋白(Tf)在亚洲水牛濒危物种罗望角的血浆蛋白或酶中存在高度遗传多态性。变异体TFA和TFB将成为分析水牛种群结构的有效标记。2)水牛卫星DNA序列的特征和染色体分布。这种着丝粒特异的探针可以有效地确定罗伯逊易位在亚洲水牛物种中的进化变化。3)曼道尔他玛拉牛的细胞遗传学分析：着丝粒DNA、端粒序列和18S-…的R-带核型和染色体分布的比较细胞学分析结果表明，水牛的28S rRNA基因谱系与沼泽型水牛相近，但罗伯逊易位和牛标准染色体4p和12的端粒-着丝粒串联融合是其核型的特征。4)老挝、泰国和越南本地黄牛的Hb-β链多态性比较。检测血红蛋白-β链(Hbb)基因多态性。用等电聚焦法鉴定出HbbA、HbbB、HbbX1和HbbX2变异体。HbbA是常见的等位基因，与HbbB表现出高度的多态性。HbbX1和HbbX2分别被认为与班腾和加亚尔野生牛种相同。HbbX2基因很少，但HbbX1基因出现在10%-20%之间，这表明Gayal对东南亚大陆当地牛群体的遗传贡献。5)利用SRY基因的变异分析老挝和越南的金牛型和印度型牛的父本基因流动。6)在越南牛中发现了罗伯逊易位，rob(2；28)，在越南牛中发现rob(2；28)。该融合染色体被认为与最大的大额野牛完全相同。较少

1)Transferrin polymorphism in the tamaraw Bubalus mindorensis and comparison among the Asian buffaloes using polyacrylamide gelelectrophoresis.Highly genetic polymorphism of transferrin (Tf) was found among plasma proteins or enzymes examined in the tamaraw, an endangered species of Asian buffalos. The variants TfA and TfB will be effective markers for analysis of the population structure of the animal.2)Characterization and chromosomal distribution of satellite DNA sequences of the water buffalo Bubalus bubalis.Satellite DNA was isolated from the animals and digested with two restriction endonucleases, that produced two fragments in the size of 1400bp and 700bp. This centromeric specific probes were effective to determine evolutionary changes of Robertsonian translocations among the Asian buffalo species.3)Cytogenetic analysis of the tamaraw Bubalus mindorensis : A comparison of R-banded karyotype and chromosomal distribution of centromeric sattelite DNAs, telomeric sequence, and 18S- … More 28S rRNA genes with domestic water buffaloes.The results obtained by using cytological methods showed that the lineage of the tamaraw was located close to the swamp type of buffaloes but the tamaraw karyotype was chracterized both by Robertsonian translocation between chromosome 7 and 15 and the telomere-centromere tandem fusion of the cromosome 4p and 12 of the standard karyotype of bovine.4)Comparison of hemoglobin-beta chain polymorphisms of the native cattle from Laos, Thailand and Vietnam. Hemoglobin-beta chain (Hbb) polymorphism was examined. By using isoelectrofocusing method was descriminated HbbA, HbbB, HbbX1 and HbbX2 variants. The HbbA was common allele and showed a highly polymorphism with HbbB.The HbbX1 and HbbX2 were considered to be identical to that of wild bovine species of banteng and gayal respectively. The HbbX2 was few but the HbbX1 occuurred at 10-20%, suggesting a genetic contribution of gayal to those native cattle populations in the continental South-east Asia.5)An assay for paternal gene flow between the taurus-type and the indicus-type of cattle in Laos and Vietnam using variation in SRY gene.The RFLP analysis of SRY gene on Y-chromosome was established that could cleary identify the taurus-type of the SRY and the Indicus-type of it. Six % of 120 animals examined shouwed the taurus-type, and the rest indicus-type.6)A Robertsonian translocation, rob (2 ; 28), found in Vietnamese cattle.The rob (2 ; 28) Robertsonian translocation was found in Vietnamese cattle. The fused chromosome was considered to be identical with the largest one of gayal, Bos gaurus frontalis. Less