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Development of tetraploid pure lines in potato toward heterosis breeding

杂种优势育种马铃薯四倍体纯系的开发

基本信息

批准号：
13556001
负责人：
HOSAKA Kazuyoshi
金额：
$ 7.36万
依托单位：
Kobe University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
2001
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2001 至 2004
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-13556001/
关键词：
Potato Diploid pure line Heterosis Sli gene Selfing Heterozygosity 純系

项目摘要

Potato is a highly heterotic tetrasomic tetraploid. Highly homozygous inbreds are useful for investigation of heterosis. In this study, applicability of S locus inhibitor gene (Sli) to develop highly homozygous diploid lines of potato and the process of inbreeding were investigated using molecular markers.The Sli gene was introduced by crossing into 32 diploid genotypes and its expression in the F_1 and S_1 progenies was investigated. F_1 hybrids with S- or A-type chloroplast DNA produced S_1 seeds (67.1% of self-pollinated F_1 plants), and by second selfing 44.2% of S_1 plants produced S_2 seeds, whereas those with W- or T-type chloroplast DNA failed to produce S_1 seeds due to cytoplasmic male sterility.A diploid clone 97H32-6 and a hybrid between 97H32-6 and a superior diploid clone produced two S_4 families and three S_5 families, respectively. The average heterozygosity levels measured using RFLP and AFLP markers decreased from the original 100% in S_0 to 10.7% in S_4 and to 8.6% … More in S_5, respectively. The heterozygosity reduction rates per generation were 38.4 and 38.5%, respectively, which were lower than the theoretically expected 50%. However, none of loci or chromosome sections was exclusively heterozygous in the advanced selfed-progenies. Thus, highly homozygous, and seed-propagated diploid potatoes could be obtained by repeated selfing using the Sli gene.Fifty-one plants of an S_3 family were evaluated for fertility-related traits and heterozygosity. At least nine loci on eight chromosome sections were associated with fertility-related quantitative trait loci (QTLs), in which both QTLs performing better in the heterozygotes and in the homozygotes were found for each fertility-related trait. By further continued selfing, QTLs performing better in heterozygotes were likely fixed to homozygotes with secondly better performance, and those performing better in homozygotes were fixed to the best genotypes, although self-fertility continued to decrease as selfed generations proceeded. Less

马铃薯是一种高度杂种优势的四体四倍体。高度纯合的自交系对于杂种优势的研究是有用的。本研究利用分子标记技术，将S位点抑制基因（Sli）导入32个马铃薯二倍体基因型中，研究了Sli基因在F_1和S_1代中的表达情况，探讨了Sli基因在马铃薯二倍体高纯合品系选育中的适用性和自交过程。带有S型或A型叶绿体DNA的杂种F_1产生S_1种子（67.1%的F_1自交植株），44.2%的S_1植株经二次自交产生S_2种子，而具有W型或T型叶绿体DNA的杂种由于细胞质雄性不育而不能产生S_1种子。6和一个上级二倍体无性系分别产生了2个S_4家系和3个S_5家系。RFLP和AFLP标记检测的平均杂合度从S_0的100%下降到S_4的10.7%和S_4的8.6%。 ...更多信息在S_5中，每代的杂合性降低率分别为38.4%和38.5%，低于理论预期的50%。然而，没有一个位点或染色体片段是完全杂合的高级自交后代。因此，利用Sli基因进行多次自交，可以获得高度纯合的二倍体马铃薯。在8条染色体上至少有9个位点与育性相关的数量性状位点（QTL）相关，其中每个育性相关性状的QTL在杂合体和纯合体中表现较好。通过进一步持续自交，在杂合子中表现更好的QTL可能被固定到具有第二更好表现的纯合子，并且那些在纯合子中表现更好的QTL被固定到最佳基因型，尽管自交结实性随着自交世代的进行而继续降低。少