Development of NIS type superconducting radiation detectors with enlarged sensitive area by segmented absorbers

分段吸收体扩大敏感面积NIS型超导辐射探测器的研制

• 批准号: 13558062
• 负责人: KANNO Ikuo
• 金额: $ 8.83万
• 依托单位: KYOTO UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
• 财政年份: 2001
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2001 至 2002
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-13558062/
• 关键词: radiation detector; superconductor; low temperature; X-ray detector; high energy resolution; Josephson junction; SQUID; heat switch; エネルギー分解能; 有感面積; 分割吸収体; 電子温度; トンネル接合

In 2001, a vacuum chamber was fabricated, equipped with Washington, D. C. magnetrons for Nb and Agriculture sputtering, RF magnetron for Al sputtering and electron-beam evaporator for SiO2.For the patterning of superconducting radiation detector, precise X-Y-Z stage was employed, instead of previous X-Y stage. With these equipment, the fabricating conditions for thin films of Nb, Al, Agriculture, and SiO_2 were determined. With the precise X-Y-Z stage, pattern definition was done with the ambiguity of 10μm, which was much better than 50μm with X-Y stage. Moreover, we invented heat-switch method to enlarge the area of absorber in NIS type superconductor radiation detectors.In 2002, we invented three methods to improve the energy resolution of NIS detector, employing SQUIDs: (1) Asymmetrically Modulated SQUIDs, (2) Josephson Junction Microcalorimeter with Superconductor Loop, and (3) Rf-SQUID Microcalorimeter. These detectors have Josephson junctions coupled with normal metal absorber. The energy of radiation is measured by a SQUID as the change of critical current of the Josephson junction due to the increase of electron temperature. The energy resolutions of 1.5eV to 5.8eV are expected by these three methods at the operating temperature of 1O0mK.

2001年，制造了一个真空室，配备了用于铌和农业溅射的华盛顿特区磁控管、用于铝溅射的射频磁控管和用于SiO2的电子束蒸发器。对于超导辐射探测器的图案化，采用了精确的X-Y-Z平台，而不是以前的X-Y平台。利用这些设备，确定了Nb、Al、Agriculture和SiO_2薄膜的制备条件。借助精确的 X-Y-Z 平台，可以以 10μm 的模糊度完成图案定义，这比 X-Y 平台的 50μm 好得多。此外，我们发明了热开关方法，以扩大NIS型超导辐射探测器的吸收体面积。2002年，我们发明了三种利用SQUID提高NIS探测器能量分辨率的方法：（1）非对称调制SQUID，（2）带有超导环路的约瑟夫森结微量热计，以及（3）Rf-SQUID微量热计。这些探测器具有与普通金属吸收器耦合的约瑟夫森结。辐射能量通过 SQUID 测量为由于电子温度升高而引起的约瑟夫森结临界电流的变化。这三种方法在1O0mK的工作温度下预计能量分辨率为1.5eV至5.8eV。

项目成果

F. Yoshihara, I. Kanno, K. Shinada: "Magnetic Calorimeter Using a Superconductor Loop with Single Josephson Junction"Superconductor Science and Technology. in print. (2003)

F. Yoshihara、I. Kanno、K. Shinada：“使用具有单约瑟夫森结的超导环路的磁热量计”超导科学与技术。

F.Yoshihara, I.Kanno, et al.: "NIS Tunnel Junction Detector with Segmented Absorbers"Low Temperature Detectors. CP605. 127-130 (2002)

F.Yoshihara、I.Kanno 等人：“带有分段吸收器的 NIS 隧道结点探测器”低温探测器。

F.Yoshihara, I.Kanno, 他: "NIS Tunnel Junction Detector with Segmented Absorbers"Low Temperature Detectors. CP605. 127-130 (2002)

F.Yoshihara、I.Kanno 等人：“带有分段吸收器的 NIS 隧道结探测器”CP605 (2002)。

F.Yoshihara, I.Kanno, K.Shinada: "Magnetic Calorimeter Using a Superconductor Loop with Single Josephson Junction"Superconductor Science and Technology. (印刷中). (2003)

F.Yoshihara、I.Kanno、K.Shinada：“使用单约瑟夫森结的超导环路的磁热量计”超导科学与技术（2003 年出版）。

F. Yoshihara, I. Kanno, et al.: "NIS Tunnel Junction Detector with Segmented Absorbers"Low Temperature Detectors. CP605. 127-130 (2002)

F. Yoshihara、I. Kanno 等人：“带有分段吸收器的 NIS 隧道结点探测器”低温探测器。