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Cultural Dynamics of Ethnic Boundaries-a case of minority peoples in Chinese West

民族边界的文化动态——以中国西部少数民族为例

基本信息

批准号：
13571019
负责人：
MARUYAMA Koichi
金额：
$ 3.14万
依托单位：
Fukuoka Jo Gakuin University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
2001
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2001 至 2004
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

The main purposes of this study are (1) a theoretical study I the cultural dynamics of ethnic boundaries, (2) an empirical and ethnographic study of cultural dynamics among Chinese western minority groups, (3) a realistic understanding of Chinese ethnic relations, (4) a preliminary cross-cultural study on family education that puts stress on the maintenance of traditional ethnic culture, and (5) a study on ethnic relations in the socio-economic change.In the items (1) and (2) above, the cultural dynamics means the reality of ethnic relations in China focusing on the newly developed concept of Zhonghua ideology. We have found that the Zhonghua concept which comprises 56 Chinese ethnic groups has come out as a centripetal force of the Chinese nationalism. On the other hand, some minority groups tend to maintain their traditional ethnic culture which seems to have an opposite centrifugal forces. Concerning the item (3), we concentrated on the field work at the Xibe villages in western Xinjiang and found that this small minority group seems to have been in the process of being absorbed into the dominant Han culture. In the study of item (4), we felt a difficulty of getting data from the private homes under "the guard" of the communist officials. However, this type of study is to be continued. Finally, the item (5) is the most challenging task in contemporary China. We focused our attention on the education of Han language (the standard language) among the minority groups. The government puts more stress on the centralization of the language. This is not necessarily the forced national policy but in the process of socio-economic change, culture of certain minority groups seems to have been assimilated into the dominant Han culture as the case of the Xibe that tends to intermarry more with the Han today.

本研究的主要目的是：(1)族群边界文化动态的理论研究；(2)中国西部少数民族文化动态的实证和民族志研究；(3)中国族群关系的现实认识；(4)以维护传统族群文化为重点的家庭教育的跨文化初步研究；(5)社会经济变迁中的族群关系研究。在上述第(1)项和第(2)项中，文化动态是指以新发展的中华思想为中心的中国民族关系的现实。我们发现包含中国56个民族的中华观念已经成为中国民族主义的向心力。另一方面，一些少数民族倾向于保持他们的传统民族文化，这似乎有一个相反的离心力。关于第(3)项，我们集中在新疆西部锡伯族村庄的实地工作中发现，这个少数民族似乎正在被汉族主导文化所吸收。在第(4)项的研究中，我们感到很难从共产党官员“看守”下的私人住宅中获得数据。然而，这种类型的研究将继续下去。最后，项目(5)是当代中国最具挑战性的任务。重点抓好少数民族汉语（国家通用语言文字）教育。政府更加强调语言的集中化。这并不一定是强制性的国家政策，而是在社会经济变化的过程中，某些少数民族的文化似乎已经被同化为占主导地位的汉族文化，例如今天的锡伯族与汉族的通婚趋势更加明显。