A Basic Study on Education and Culture of Minority Groups in Xinjiang in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China

中国新疆维吾尔自治区新疆少数民族教育文化基础研究

• 批准号: 02045030
• 负责人: MARUYAMA Koichi
• 金额: $ 2.56万
• 依托单位: Kyushu University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for international Scientific Research
• 财政年份: 1990
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1990 至 1991
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-02045030/
• 关键词: Minority Study; Chinese Study; Cultural Anthropology; Comparative Education; IEA Test; Visual Anthropology; Ethnic Identity; Moral Education; 質問紙調査; 学力格差; 少数民族; 民族教育; 価値意識; ウイグル族; カザフ族; シボ族; 新疆ウイグル自治区; 数学学力

This research project was carried out in order to investigate the educational problems of Chinese minority groups in the Xinjiang Autonomous Region. The team of anthropologists (Maruyama, Narisue, Erdeny and Zhang) met Uygur, Kazaf and Xibe parents and children in Urumqi, Kashgar and Ili. They observed how these minority groups try to maintain their traditional ethnic cultures in the forms of folk dance, songs, and horsemanship. While they are guaranteed by the government to use and maintain their languages, traditional endogamy came to be difficult year by year. The visual anthropological method turned out to be very effective to describe the folk culture.The comparative education team (Gondo, Mochida, Fang and Li) examined the ability of mathematics among junior high school students with Han, Uygur and Kazaf nationalities in Urumqi, Kashgar and Ili. They found a big gap between Han students and minority students. They interpret the unfavorable results among the minority groups due to such factors as lack or shortage of textbooks, qualified teachers, inappropriate education at home.This type of field research has scarcely been done by foreign researchers so far. The areas we could get into were limited only in the "open areas" but our partners of Xinjiang Normal University made it possible for us to carry out this project.

本研究项目的目的是调查新疆自治区少数民族的教育问题。人类学家团队（Maruyama，Narisue，Erdeny和Zhang）在乌鲁木齐，喀什和伊犁会见了维吾尔族，哈萨克族和锡伯族的父母和孩子。他们观察了这些少数民族如何以民族舞蹈、歌曲和马术的形式保持他们的传统民族文化。虽然政府保证他们使用和保持自己的语言，但传统的内婚制一年比一年困难。视觉人类学方法在描述民俗文化方面是非常有效的。比较教育小组（贡多、莫赤达、方和李）对乌鲁木齐、喀什和伊犁的汉族、维吾尔族和哈萨克族初中生的数学能力进行了测试。他们发现汉族学生和少数民族学生之间有很大的差距。他们解释了少数民族由于缺乏或缺乏教科书、合格的教师、国内教育不当等因素而导致的不利结果。我们能够进入的领域仅限于“开放领域”，但我们的合作伙伴新疆师范大学使我们有可能开展这个项目。

项目成果

Koichi, Maruyama: "A Methodology of Educational Ethnography for Minorities (1)" Research Bulletin, The Research Institute of Comparative Education and Culture KyuShu Univ.42. 1-14 (1991)

Koichi, Maruyama：“少数民族教育民族志方法论（1）”研究通报，九州大学比较教育与文化研究所42。

丸山 孝一(共同製作): "シルクロ-ドの少数民族たち" ビデオ,福岡市博物館蔵. 1〜3巻. (1991)

丸山浩一（联合制作人）：《丝绸之路上的少数民族》视频，福冈市博物馆藏，第 1-3 卷（1991 年）。

権藤 与志夫(編著): "『ウイグルーその人びとと文化』" 朝日新聞社,

权藤义雄（编辑）：《‘维吾尔族人民与文化’》《朝日新闻》、

丸山 孝一: "「マイノリティ教育民族誌方法論(2)」" 『九州大学比較教育文化研究施設紀要』. 43号. (1992)

丸山晃一：《少数民族教育民族志方法论（2）》九州大学比较教育文化研究所通报第43期（1992年）。

丸山 孝一: "「少数民族の文化とその子どもたち」" 権藤 與志夫編著『ウイグルーその人びとと文化』. 159-186 (1991)

丸山浩一：《少数民族及其子女的文化》，由贡多吉雄主编，《维吾尔人民与文化》159-186（1991）。