Fundamental Research on Cultural Continuity and Change of Minority Peoples in Xinjiang, China and Kazakhstan

本研究的目的是在田野调查的基础上，了解哈萨克族的文化传承与变迁。研究的焦点放在哈萨克斯坦，它在从前苏联独立后试图妥协民族主义和种族。研究发现：(1)从历史研究中我们发现，哈萨克斯坦人民在俄罗斯的统治下遭受了很大的痛苦。(2)哈萨克斯坦政府正在努力进行民族主义教育，同时也有俄罗斯、德国和维吾尔族的几个民族。(3)在他们的英雄(阿拜和詹布尔)150岁生日时，政府举行了庆祝活动。这似乎有助于国家一体化。(4)虽然俄语仍被用作“共同语言”，但哈萨克语现在是国语。包括萨满教在内的民间信仰在俄罗斯统治时期的严厉镇压后重新兴起。(6)哈萨克斯坦大学和文部省希望与日本大学建立密切的学术联系。

The aim of this research if to know the cultural continuity and change of Kazakh people on the basis of field work. The focs of the research was placed on Kazakhstan that is trying to compromize nationalism and ethnicity after the independence from former Soviet Union. What we found from the research are :(1) From the historical study we found that the people of Kazakhstan suffered a lot from the Russian rule.(2) The Kazakh government is trying to do education for nationalism, while there are several ethnic groups including Russian, German and Uygur.(3) At the 150th birthdays of their heroes (Abai and Jamble) were celebrated by government. This seems to contribute to the national integration.(4) While Russian is still being used as "the common language, "Kazakh language is the national language now. But there are communication gaps between different generations.(5) Folk belief including shamanism has being re-emerging after the severe suppression during the Russian rule.(6) The Kazakh universities and Ministry of Education want to have close academic interrelationship with Japanese universities.