Fundamental Research on Cultural Continuity and Change of Minority Peoples in Xinjiang, China and Kazakhstan

中国新疆和哈萨克斯坦少数民族文化延续与变迁的基础研究

• 批准号: 07045008
• 负责人: MARUYAMA Koichi
• 金额: $ 3.9万
• 依托单位: Kyushu University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for international Scientific Research
• 财政年份: 1995
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1995 至 1997
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-07045008/
• 关键词: Xinjiang; Kazakhstan; Minority people; Ethnic Education; Shamanism; Uygur People; Kazakh People; Cultural Contact; ウィグル族; 民族; 文化; 教育; 文化相対主義; 国家; 権力

The aim of this research if to know the cultural continuity and change of Kazakh people on the basis of field work. The focs of the research was placed on Kazakhstan that is trying to compromize nationalism and ethnicity after the independence from former Soviet Union. What we found from the research are :(1) From the historical study we found that the people of Kazakhstan suffered a lot from the Russian rule.(2) The Kazakh government is trying to do education for nationalism, while there are several ethnic groups including Russian, German and Uygur.(3) At the 150th birthdays of their heroes (Abai and Jamble) were celebrated by government. This seems to contribute to the national integration.(4) While Russian is still being used as "the common language, "Kazakh language is the national language now. But there are communication gaps between different generations.(5) Folk belief including shamanism has being re-emerging after the severe suppression during the Russian rule.(6) The Kazakh universities and Ministry of Education want to have close academic interrelationship with Japanese universities.

本研究的目的是在田野调查的基础上，了解哈萨克族文化的延续与变迁。本文的研究对象是哈萨克斯坦共和国，这个国家在从前苏联独立后，正试图在民族主义和种族主义之间进行妥协。研究发现：（1）从历史研究中发现，在沙俄统治下，哈萨克斯坦人民遭受了巨大的苦难。(2)哈萨克斯坦政府正在努力进行民族主义教育，而哈萨克斯坦有俄罗斯族、德国族和维吾尔族等多个民族。(3)在他们的英雄（Abai和Jamble）的150岁生日上，政府庆祝了他们的生日。这似乎有助于民族融合。(4)俄语仍是“共同语“，哈萨克语是国语。但不同世代之间存在沟通鸿沟。(5)包括萨满教在内的民间信仰在经历了沙俄统治时期的严厉镇压后，正在重新兴起。(6)哈萨克斯坦大学和教育部希望与日本大学建立密切的学术关系。

项目成果

地木拉提: "アルタイ語系諸民族のシャーマニズム信仰の概況" 九州大学比較教育文化研究施設紀要. 49. 67-80 (1997)

Jikirandai：“阿尔泰语民族萨满教信仰概述”九州大学比较教育文化研究所公告 49. 67-80 (1997)。

Koichi Maruyama: "Educational ethnography in Changing Kazakhstan" Reserch Bulletin No.50, The Research Institute of Comparative Education and Culuture Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan. 55-70 (1997)

Koichi Maruyama：“哈萨克斯坦变革中的教育民族志”研究通报第 50 号，九州大学比较教育与文化研究所，日本福冈。

Dilmurat Omar: "Shamanizm in the Peoples of Altaic" Reserch Bulletin No.49, The Research Institute of Comparative Education and Culuture Kyushu University. (Fukuoka, Japan). 67-80 (1997)

迪尔穆拉特·奥马尔：《阿尔泰民族的萨满教》研究通报第49期，九州大学比较教育文化研究所。

丸山 孝一: "文化相対論再考" APC.アジア太平洋研究. 2号. 3-10 (1998)

Koichi Maruyama：“重新考虑文化相对主义”亚太研究第 2. 3-10 期（1998 年）。

西原 明史: "ウィグル族の飼い慣らされないエスニシティ" 九州大学教育学部附属比較教育文化研究施設紀要. 47号. 67-86 (1996)

西原昭文：九州大学教育学部比较教育文化研究所通报《维吾尔人的野蛮民族》第47. 67-86号（1996年）。