A Study on the Prehistoric.Urbanization in the Northern Levant

北黎凡特史前城市化研究

• 批准号: 13571034
• 负责人: TSUNEKI Akira
• 金额: $ 8.26万
• 依托单位: University of Tsukuba
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
• 财政年份: 2001
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2001 至 2003
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-13571034/
• 关键词: Levant; Syria; Neolithic; Urbanization; Social complexities; Tell el-Kerkh; Material adminis tration system; Craft specialization; レヴァント; 封泥システム; 専業化

We have been working on the site, named Tell el-Kerkh, located in the Rouj Basin, northwest Syria since 199?. This site is one of the largest Neolithic settlements in the Near East, and our first investigations disclosed that the site is quite important for understanding the urbanization, social complexities, craft specialization processes in prehistory. The offered project is the second investigations on the site, and we tried to clear the prehistoric city formation and social integration processes. We executed not only the excavations at. Tell el=Kerkh, but also the general surveys around the site to detect the prehistoric settlement patterns. The summary of our results is as follows(1)The settlement. of Tell el-Kerkh dates back to the early PPNB period (9^<th> millennium b.c.), and the emergence of this settlement closely relates to the beginning of agriculture(2)The paleo-botanical studies disclosed that the wheat. and lentils have already been domesticated in the settlement of Tell el-Kerkh. The pig and cattle domestication was also the important subsistence for the Neolithic people there(3)Therefore, the neolithization in northwest Syria dates to the early as in the middle Euphrates region(4)The neolithization process advanced very rapidly at Tell el-Kerkh. Within one thousand years, a hierarchical settlement system, centered by Tell el-Kerkh, appeared in the basin. The settlement grew over 20ha, and it. imported erotic precious stones from outside the basin to produce tools and ornaments. At the same time, the craft specialization slid the complicated material administration systems developed in the settlement

自199年以来，我们一直在叙利亚西北部的Rouj盆地的Tell el-Kerkh遗址上工作。该遗址是近东最大的新石器时代定居点之一，我们的第一次调查显示，该遗址对于理解史前的城市化，社会复杂性，工艺专业化过程非常重要。本项目是对该遗址的第二次调查，我们试图弄清史前城市的形成和社会整合过程。我们不仅进行了挖掘。Tell el = Kerkh，但也对遗址周围进行了一般调查，以检测史前定居模式。我们的研究结果总结如下：（1）解决。Tell el-Kerkh的历史可以追溯到PPNB早期（公元前9000年），<th>该聚落的出现与农业的开始有着密切的关系。和小扁豆已经在泰尔克尔赫定居点被驯化。猪和牛的驯化也是那里新石器时代人的重要生计（3）因此，叙利亚西北部的新石器化可以追溯到幼发拉底河中部地区的早期（4）新石器化进程在Tell el-Kerkh进展非常迅速。在1000年内，以泰尔·克尔赫为中心的等级定居系统出现在盆地中。该定居点面积超过20公顷，并从盆地外进口色情宝石，以生产工具和装饰品。与此同时，手工业的专业化也使殖民地发展起来的复杂的物资管理系统失去了作用

项目成果

TSUNEKI, A et al.: "Fourth Preliminary Report of the Excavations at Tell el-Kerkh"Bulletin of the Ancient Orient Museum. 21. 1-30 (2001)

TSUNEKI, A 等人：“特尔埃尔-克尔赫发掘的第四次初步报告”古代东方博物馆公告。

Maeda, O.: "A Large Obsidian Core from Tell 'Ain el-Kerkh, Northwest Syria"Neo-Lithic 2/02. 1-3 (2002)

O。Maeda：“叙利亚西北部的TellAin Al-Kerkh的大黑曜石核心” Neo-Lithic 2/02。

Odaka, T.: "Fide Painted Wares in the Neolithic Northern Levant : The Earliest Evidence from Tell Ain El-Kerkh, the Rouj Basin"Orient Express 2003/4. 80-81 (2003)

Odaka，t。：“新石器时代北部黎凡特（Neol-Rethern Levant）的绘画：Tell Ain El-Kerkh，Rouj盆地的最早证据” Orient Express 2003/4。

Taniguchi, Y., Tsuneki, A.et al.: "The first fake? Imitation turquoise beads, recovered from a syrian Neolithic site, Tell el-kerkh"Studies in Conservation. 47. 175-183 (2002)

Taniguchi, Y., Tsuneki, A.等人：“第一个赝品？从叙利亚新石器时代遗址 Tell el-kerkh 发现的仿绿松石珠子”保护研究。

Iwasaki, T., Tsuneki, A.: "Archaeology of the Rouj Basin : A Regional Study of the Transition from Village to City in North west Syria"Al-Shark 2, University of Tsukuba, Studies for west Asian Archaeology, Department of Archaeology, University of Tsukuba.

Iwasaki, T., Tsuneki, A.：“鲁日盆地考古学：叙利亚西北部从村庄到城市转型的区域研究”Al-Shark 2，筑波大学，西亚考古学研究，考古学系