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A Study of the Settlement Organization in Neolithic Syria

叙利亚新石器时代聚落组织研究

基本信息

批准号：
08041004
负责人：
TSUNEKI Akira
金额：
$ 20.16万
依托单位：
University of Tsukuba
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for international Scientific Research
财政年份：
1996
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1996 至 1998
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

We executed the intensive general surveys of the Rouj Basin, northwest Syria, in 1990-1992, and our results indicated that there had been two hierarchical settlement systems in the Basin during the Neolithic period. One of the systems includes the large tell complex of Tell el-Kerkh and two small Neolithic tells around it. We planned to excavate Tell el-Kerkh to study the administration system of such a large Neolithic settlement, and we executed our excavations and natural environmental studies in 1997 and 1998.The excavation has been carried out in the central, the north, and the northwest areas of Tell Ain el-Kerkh, the northern part of the tell complex at Tell el-Kerkh. These three areas produced plentiful Neolithic structures and materials. All of our operations of two seasons at Tell Aim el-Kerkh indicated the existence of a series of large Neolithic settlements from the end of the 7th through the 6th millennium uncal.b.c.In addition to a quite large number of pottery and chipped stones, some important materials, which can be used for considering the management system of Neolithic settlements, were also obtained by the excavations. Some of the most interesting materials are stamp seals made of stone and bone including unfinished stone ones, and clay sealings which having the seal impressions on the front and trace of string and cord marks on the reverse side. A lot of beads made of local and non-local stones such as turquoise, serpentinite and obsidian, are also notable. Some unfinished beads were discovered together with broken flint drills. These materials indicate that the Neolithic settlements of Tell el-Kerkh imported various kinds of stones, and that seal and bead production were executed within the settlements. The sealing system also worked there. It is becoming clear that the Neolithic settlements of Tell el-Kerkh not only covered a vast areal expanse but also possessed a highly complex socio-economic system.

1990-1992年，我们对叙利亚西北部的鲁吉盆地进行了深入的普查，结果表明该盆地在新石器时代曾存在两种等级聚落体系。其中一个系统包括大型特尔克赫 (Tell el-Kerkh) 遗址群和周围两个小型新石器时代遗址。我们计划对Tell el-Kerkh进行挖掘，以研究如此大的新石器时代定居点的管理系统，并于1997年和1998年进行了挖掘和自然环境研究。挖掘工作在Tell Ain el-Kerkh的中部、北部和西北部地区进行，该地区是Tell el-Kerkh的Tell建筑群的北部。这三个地区产生了大量的新石器时代建筑和材料。我们在Tell Aim el-Kerkh两个季节的所有工作表明，从公元前7世纪末到6世纪，存在一系列大型新石器时代聚落。除了大量的陶器和碎石外，发掘还获得了一些可用于考虑新石器时代聚落管理制度的重要材料。一些最有趣的材料是由石头和骨头制成的印章，包括未完成的石头印章，以及正面有印章印记、背面有绳索痕迹的粘土印章。许多由当地和非当地石头制成的珠子，如绿松石、蛇纹石和黑曜石，也很引人注目。一些未完成的珠子与破损的燧石钻头一起被发现。这些材料表明，特尔·埃尔-克尔赫的新石器时代定居点进口了各种石头，并且在定居点内进行了印章和珠子的生产。密封系统也在那里工作。越来越明显的是，特尔克赫的新石器时代聚居地不仅面积广阔，而且还拥有高度复杂的社会经济体系。