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Ethnoarchaeological Research on the Traditional Living and Settlement Pattern of Minority Peoples in the Russian Far East.

俄罗斯远东地区少数民族传统居住和聚居模式的民族考古学研究。

基本信息

批准号：
13571036
负责人：
ONUKI Shizuo
金额：
$ 8.19万
依托单位：
The University of Tokyo
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
2001
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2001 至 2003
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-13571036/
关键词：
Russian Far East Ethnoarchaeology Living Settlement Pattern

项目摘要

Based on this surveys of the Russian Far East, Strong correlation was accepted between the redidential pattern and the living or ecosystems as its background.Putting together the entire information, it may be assumed that the settlement pattern of the Samagir people is characterized by their concentrated residential area surrounded by vast non-residential area. This settlement pattern seems to reflect the long distance between their settlements and fishing grounds or hunting fields.The settlement pattern in the Gorin River basin shows a quite contrast to the settlement pattern in the Bikin River basin, where we reconstructed a highly sedentary settlement pattern with very short distance seasonal migration.In this research project, we also focused on the unsurveyed areas of the previous research, that is, the area inhabited by the Nivkhs in the lowest Amur Liver, the area inhabited by the Nanai in the basin of Gorin River, a tributary of the Amur River (see Sato and Sasaki), and Sakhalin, which cormect the Japanese Archipelago and the Amur River basin. Based on these surveys of the Russian Far East region, Onuki argued about the regional characteristics of their plant and animal food resources, and showed that these characteristics are closely related to their residential pattern.In the Bikin River basin, Russian Maritime Province, supplement investigation about the relation between hunting and residential pattern was performed. The first group researched hunting activity, other group conducted their research on dwellings and raised floor storehouses.

基于对俄罗斯远东地区的调查，人们认为居住格局与生活或生态系统之间具有很强的相关性。综合所有信息，可以假设萨马吉尔人的聚居格局的特点是集中的居住区周围有广阔的非居住区。这种聚落格局似乎反映了他们的聚落与渔场或狩猎场之间的距离较远。戈林河流域的聚落格局与比金河流域的聚落格局形成鲜明对比，我们在比金河流域重建了高度定居的、季节性迁徙距离很短的聚落格局。在本研究项目中，我们还重点关注了先前研究中未调查的区域，即尼夫赫人居住在地势最低的地区。阿穆尔肝，阿穆尔河支流五林河（见佐藤和佐佐木）流域纳奈人居住的地区，以及连接日本列岛和阿穆尔河流域的萨哈林岛。大贯根据对俄罗斯远东地区的调查，论证了其动植物食物资源的地域特征，并表明这些特征与其居住模式密切相关。在俄罗斯滨海省比金河流域，对狩猎与居住模式的关系进行了补充调查。第一组研究狩猎活动，另一组研究住宅和高架地板仓库。