Volatilization and Recovery of Mercury from the Mercury-Polluted Soil Using Mercury-Resistant Strains of Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans

酸性氧化亚铁硫杆菌生活在酸性矿山的排水系统中，对硫化矿的细菌浸出起着至关重要的作用。低品位矿石的微生物浸出需要在多种高浓度重金属环境中具有高铁氧化活性的氧化亚铁杆菌菌株。从150株氧化亚铁杆菌中分离出一株抗汞菌株SUG -2。有趣的是，a.f erferrooxidans SUG -2 -2在细胞中不仅具有nadph依赖性的汞还原酶活性，而且具有Fe^<2+>依赖性的汞还原酶活性，并且从菌株SUG -2 -2中纯化的细胞色素c氧化酶在Fe^<2+>存在下挥发汞。尽管使用生物修复既有优点也有缺点，但该技术在清洁和保护环境方面变得越来越重要。本研究描述了一种新的生物修复方法的发展，该方法使用了一种嗜酸、趋化营养、氧化铁的细菌——氧化亚铁硫杆菌。该菌株从汞污染的土壤和废水中分解和回收金属汞。本研究表明，耐汞氧化亚铁杆菌菌株在细胞内具有独特的汞挥发系统，可用于酸性条件下汞污染土壤和废水的生物修复。尽管使用生物修复技术有利有弊，但这种生态无害的自然过程似乎在清理和保护环境方面变得更加重要。

Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans inhabits drainage in acid mines and plays a crucial role in the bacterial leaching of sulfide ores. A.ferrooxidans strains that have a high iron-oxidizing activity in the environment with many kinds of and high concentrations of heavy metals are required for microbiological leaching of low grade ores. A.ferrooxidans SUG 2-2 was isolated as a mercury-resistant strain among one hundred fifty A.ferrooxidans strains isolated from the natural environments. Interestingly, A.ferrooxidans SUG 2-2 has not only NADPH-dependent mercury reductase activity but also Fe^<2+>-dependent mercury reductase activity in the cells and cytochrome c oxidase purified from strain SUG 2-2 volatilizes mercury in the presence of Fe^<2+>Although there are both advantages and disadvantages to the use of bioremediation, this technology has become more important in cleaning up and protecting the environment. This Study describes the development of a new bioremediation method, which uses strains from an acidophilic, chemolithotrophic, iron-oxidizing bacterium Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans. The bacterial strains decomposed and recovered metal mercury from mercury-polluted soil and wastewater.In this Study, the author shows that mercury resistant A. ferrooxidans strains have a unique mercury volatilization system in the cells and are useful for the practical use for the bioremediation of mercury polluted soil and wastewater under acidic conditions. Although there are both advantages and disadvantages to the use of bioremediation technique, this ecologically sound natural process seems to become more important in cleaning up and protecting the environment.