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Studies on diversity and diversification process of instestinal flagellate communities of temites.

白蚁肠道鞭毛虫群落多样性及多样化过程的研究.

基本信息

批准号：
14596001
负责人：
KITADE Osamu
金额：
$ 2.3万
依托单位：
Ibaraki University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2002
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2002 至 2004
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-14596001/
关键词：
termites symbiosis protist diversity genetic variation parthenogenesis 共生微生物群集分子系統

项目摘要

1.Phylogeny reconstruction of Rhinotermitid host termitesPhylogeny of Rhinotermitid host termites, comprising of 14 genera, was inferred from DNA sequences (2120bps) of COI, COII and 16SrRNA genes using parsimony method.2.Comparison of phylogenies between host termites and symbiotic protistsSSUrRNA gene of Pseudotrichonympha spp. isolated from the Rhinotermitid hosts was sequenced and their phylogeny was reconstructed. Except for clones from one host species, the phylogenies of the hosts and the symbionts indicated coincidence of the topology, suggesting past co-speciation. Similar comparative analysis was carried out for Reticulitermes spp. (hosts) and Teranynpha spp. (symbionts) and the past cospeciation was also inferred except for clones from two host populations.3.Inference of evolution and diversification process of protist communityUsing character (presence/absence) mapping of each symbiont genus, past diversification of symbiont genera and host switchings were reconstructed on the phylogenetic tree of the Rhinotermitidae.4.Effect of host colony size on the diversity of symbiont communityFron the 3 months' monitoring of experimental termite colonies, effects of host colony size on the diversity of symbiont community was investigated. The decrease of colony size significantly reduced the species numbers and Shannon index of the community.5.Genetic diversity between symbiont individuals and populationVariation of SSUrRNA gene was investigated on Teranympha spp. from Reticulitermes hosts in and around Japan. In Yamaguchi population and Aichi population, sequence diversity were about 10 times higher than other populations. Gene clones from such populations were probably affected by lineage sorting caused by parthenogenesis of Teranympha.6.Mode of reproduction of host termitesThe mode of reproduction in Reticulitermes kanmonensis and R.speratus were investigated by field investigation and DNA genotyping. Inbreeding and fusion of field colonies were suggested.

1.利用COI、COII和16 SrRNA基因的DNA序列（2120 bp），采用简约法（parsimony method），对鼻白蚁科14个属的系统发育关系进行了初步研究。对从鼻白蚁宿主中分离到的8个菌株进行了测序，并重建了它们的亲缘关系。除了来自一个宿主物种的克隆外，宿主和共生体的同源性表明拓扑结构的一致性，表明过去的共同物种形成。对散白蚁进行了类似的比较分析。（寄主）和Teranynpha spp. 3.原生生物群落进化和多样性过程的推断利用共生体各属的特征（存在/不存在）作图，在系统发育树上重建了共生菌属的多样性和寄主的转换关系。4.寄主群体大小对共生菌群落多样性的影响通过对实验白蚁群落的监测，研究了寄主群落大小对共生体群落多样性的影响。群落规模的减小显著降低了群落的物种数和Shannon指数。5.共生个体和种群间的遗传多样性研究了黄单胞菌属（Teranympha spp.）散白蚁在日本及周边地区活动。山口居群和爱知居群的序列多样性比其它居群高10倍左右。6.寄主白蚁的繁殖方式通过野外调查和DNA分型，对关门散白蚁和黄胸散白蚁的繁殖方式进行了研究。建议采用田间群体的近交和融合。