Identification and compensation of the deviations inherent to multi-axis machine tools

本研究提出了两种独特的识别五轴控制加工中心和多任务车床固有回转轴几何偏差的方法，以及基于该识别方法的机床坐标和NC程序的修正方法。其次，研究了五轴联动机床误差的确定方法。对现行标准ISO10791-1中规定的万能主轴头五轴联动加工中心的误差测量方法进行了详细的研究。圆弧插补运动…轨迹的测量方法利用球杆设计了包括一个旋转轴在内的三个轴同时控制时的更多NT。提出了由轨迹偏心量计算五轴联动加工中心特殊偏差的方法，并给出了计算公式。可以通过使用球杆测量的轨迹偏心值来识别几何偏差。此外，由于尝试了使用识别值进行校正，因此证明能够获得高精度的轨迹。此外，还研究了利用四轴联动控制运动进行偏差识别的方法。特别是，这种测量方法的优点在于，尽管三轴控制运动需要四次测量，但所有的偏差只能从两个测量轨迹中识别出来。结果表明，用该方法识别的误差与三轴控制测量具有相同的精度。较少

This research work has developed two unique methods for identifying geometrical deviations that related to the rotary axes inherent to five axis control machining centers and multi-tasking turning machines, those were typical multi-axis control machine tools, and also the method for correcting the machine coordinate and the NC program based on the identification method.In this research work, it was found that there were 24 structural configurations in the five-axis machine tools according to the websites and catalogues of the machine tool builders in the world. The number of the configurations is less than the number expected.Then, the method for determining the deviations those existed in the five axis control machine tools was investigated. The measuring methods of the deviations of 5-axis machining centers with a universal spindle head specified in the present standard ISO10791-1 were precisely investigated. The method of measuring the trajectory of the circular interpolation moveme … More nt when three axes including one rotary axis were simultaneously controlled was designed by means of a ball bar. The method of calculating peculiar deviations to the five axis control machining center from the amount of eccentric of trajectory was proposed by using some expressions. It is possible to identify the geometric deviations by using the values of eccentricity of the trajectories measured by the ball bar. In addition, it was proven to be able to obtain highly accurate trajectories since the correction was tried by using the identification values. Moreover, the method of identifying the deviation by using simultaneous four-axis control movement was investigated. Especially, this measuring method is excellent in the point that all the deviations can be identified from two measured trajectories only, although four measurements are necessary in the three-axis control movement. It was clarified that the deviation identified by using this method gives same accurate as the three axis control measurement. Less