Anthropological Research on the Restructuring processes of Folk Cultures in Brazilian Amazonia under the impact of Globalization

(1)巴西人类学研究--在巴西进行了人类学实地考察和学术交流(2004年2月29日至3月29日，2004年8月16日至9月8日)，重点讨论了两个主要主题。第一，博物馆和研究机构对物质民俗文化的展示和阐释策略。第二，巴西民间手工艺品的实际生产、流通和消费情况。在后者中，亚马逊下游地区的民间陶器生产是本研究的主要对象，对伊科阿奇(贝伦)、马拉霍岛和帕拉州萨塔雷姆的陶器生产的历史和重组过程进行了非常深入的研究。最近一个值得注意的趋势是，一方面，“现已灭绝”的土著人民制作的“史前”陶器被清晰地表达出来，以及亚马逊地区现在的居民与巴西内外其他地方的文化认同。(2)美洲和日本陶器生产的比较研究。对美洲的民间陶器生产进行了书目研究，特别关注围绕它的各种论述，如民俗学、艺术、旅游、营销和民族主义。日本的“民俗”运动也与20世纪巴西的类似哲学和运动相比较。

(1)Anthropological Research in BrazilAnthropological fieldwork and academic exchange were carried out in Brazil (Feb.29-Mar.29,Aug16-Sept.8, 2004), focusing two main topics. First, the display and interpretation strategy of material folk cultures in museums as well as research institutions. Second, the actual production, circulation, and consumption of folk crafts in Brazil. In the latter, among other things, the folk pottery production in the lower Amazon region was the principal target of the present research, which made a very thorough study on the history and the restructuring process of the pottery production in Icoarci (Belem), Marajo Island, and Satarem in the State of Para. One of the recent trends worthy of note is the articulation of "prehistoric" pottery made by "now-extinct" indigenous peoples on the one hand, and cultural identity of present inhabitants of the Amazonian region vis-a-vis other places in and out of Brazil.(2)Comparative Study of Pottery Production in the Americas and Japan.Bibliographical research was carried out on the folk pottery production in the Americas, paying special attention to the various discourses surrounding it such as folklore studies, art, tourism, marketing, and nationalism. "Mingei"(Folk Craft) Movement in Japan was also studied in comparison with similar philosophy and movements of 20the century Brazil.