A study of legal policy making on the privatization of prison and the evaluation of its effects

(1)在对监狱私有化进行基本研究之后，我们与法国司法部举行了一次会议，讨论如何实现我们的目标，并参观了法国的惩教机构。2004年，我们走访了3个公私合营机构，并就与囚犯的关系、刑罚工作、医疗等问题采访了这些机构的公职人员和私人官员。(2)在这些采访中，我们得出结论，法国的监狱私有化是20世纪80年代末S政府两种刑罚政治的结果：造成监狱过度拥挤的严厉惩罚和将囚犯作为公民对待的社会化政策。因此，我们以1994年引入的监狱新医疗机构为例进行分析，引发了日本近期关于这一问题的改革争议。(3)另一方面，我们发现这一时期的社会化政策是以法国监狱犯罪学的新趋势为导向的。最后，我们分析了法国监狱政策的私有化不仅受到私人机构的推动，还受到非政府组织活动的制约，这些非政府组织将民间人力资源投入到刑罚实践中。并对监狱角色转换与公民人力资源有效利用之间的关系这一新的研究进行了规划。

(1)After the basic research on the privatization of prison, we had a meeting with the French Ministry of Justice on the way to achieve our objective and to visit the French penal institutions. In 2004, we visited 3 public-private institutions and interviewed both public and private officers of those institutions on the questions concerning the relationships with the prisoners, the penal works, the medical treatment etc.(2)In these interviews, we come to the conclusion that the privatization of prisons in France was a fruit of the two penal politics of the governments from the late 1980's : the severe punishment which caused the overcrowded prisons, and the socialization policy which treated the prisoners as citizens. So, we analyzed the new medical treatment organization in prisons as an example of the latter case, which was introduced in 1994 and inspired the Japanese recent reform controversy on this matter.(3)On the other hand, we found that the socialization policy in this period is guided by the new trend of French criminology on prisons. So, we analyzed M.Foucault's work on prison which inspired largely this trend and influenced also the penal practices in France.(4)Finally, we analyzed that the privatization of prisons policy in France is not only promoted by the private agencies but also conditioned by the activities of the NGOs which invest the civil human resources in the penal practices. And we prepare to make plan for the new study which concerns the relation between the transition of the role of prison and the effective uses of the civil human resources.