Effects of the Japanese Development Assistance on the Economic Growth of Recipient Countries

在本研究中，我们构建了日本双边官方发展援助的面板数据，总结了每个项目和每个计划。它包含每个受援国、每个部门和每年的援助数额。首先，我们将官方发展援助总支出分为三大类：贷款、赠款和技术援助/合作。部门是根据发展援助委员会（DAC）定义的国际标准。受援国总数为168个。贷款数据涵盖1966年至2004年，助学金数据涵盖1968年至2004年，TA/TC数据涵盖1988年至2004年。贷款援助的数据来源是经济产业省（通产省）于2000年终止的年度白皮书《经济合作的现状和问题（日文）》。因此，从2001年开始，我们主要使用外务省每年发布的白皮书《官方发展援助数据手册（日文）》。然而，这缺少一些关于贷款条件的重要信息，比如……更多的是总金额、利率和付款条件。此外，一些项目设定了多种利率。较高的是贷款本身，较低的是顾问费用。在这种情况下，我们查看日本国际协力银行（JBIC）的主页或直接要求JBIC补充我们的数据。赠款援助和贷款援助的两个数据来源相同。请注意，这两个数字都是承诺数字，而不是支付数字。在日本的官方发展援助中，承付款项几乎等于支付款项。日本国际协力事业团（JICA）分配大约60%的日本技术援助/技术援助，其余部分由其他各部和机构处理。由于日本国际协力机构的年度报告没有包括所有的官方发展援助支出（支出），我们直接要求日本国际协力机构在2003年之前完成我们的数据。2004年，日本国际协力机构的主页开始包括这些数据。不幸的是，我们没有通过其他政府机构包括TA/TC，因为它们的大部分不向公众开放。少

In this research, we construct a panel data of Japanese bilateral ODA, summarizing each project and each program. It contains the amount of aid to each recipient, for each sector, and in each year. First, we classified the total ODA spending into three big modalities : Loan, Grant, and Technical Assistance/Cooperation (TA/TC). Sector is defined according to the Development Assistance Committee (DAC) as an international standard. Total number of recipient countries is 168. Data is covered from 1966 to 2004 for loans, 1968 to 2004 for grants, and 1988 to 2004 for TA/TC.Data source of loan aid was "Present Situation and Problems of Economic Cooperation (in Japanese)," an annual white paper issued by Ministry of International Trade and Industry (MITI), which was terminated in 2000. Thus, from 2001, we mainly used "ODA data book (in Japanese)," an annual white paper issued by Ministry of Foreign Affairs (MOFA). However, this lacks some important information on the loan conditions such as th … More e total amounts, the interest rates, and the terms of payments. Furthermore, multiple interest rates are set for some projects. The higher one is for the loan itself and the lower one is for the consultant spending. In such cases, we checked the homepage of Japan Bank of International Cooperation (JBIC) or directly asked JBIC to supplement our data.Two data sources of grant aid were the same as those of loan aid. Please note that both are commitment figures not the disbursement. In Japanese ODA, commitments is almost equal to the disbursements. Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) distributes approximately 60 % of Japanese TA/TC and the other Ministries and Agencies deal with the rest. Since an annual report by JICA did not include all the ODA expenditures (disbursements), we directly asked JICA to complete our data until 2003. In 2004, the homepage of JICA started to include those data. Unfortunately, we did not include the TA/TC through the other government institutions because the greater part of them is not open to the public. Less