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Cognitive rehabilitation for memory-impaired individuals : Optimizing the training procedure based on the two-factor model

记忆障碍个体的认知康复：基于双因素模型优化训练程序

基本信息

批准号：
15530468
负责人：
KOMATSU Shin-ichi
金额：
$ 1.92万
依托单位：
Shinshu University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2003
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2003 至 2005
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-15530468/
关键词：
cognitive rehabilitation memory deficit errorless learning method of vanishing cues Korsakoff's syndrome implicit memory

项目摘要

The method of vanishing cues (MVC) was deemed as an errorless and effortful training procedure and thus was expected to afford the optimal learning environment to memory-impaired individuals. Nevertheless, our previous studies revealed that the MVC was less effective than errorless learning without fading. In Study 1, we revised the MVC in such a way that the number of vanishing stages was increased using perceptually degraded stimuli as vanishing cues. Amnesic patients were asked to learn category-exemplar pairs under four different study conditions. Errorless learning proved to be more beneficial than errorful learning, replicating previous findings. In contrast, the benefit from effort emerged only when the task provided little environmental support and demanded self-initiated retrieval. The revised MVC was found to emphasize gradual fading and error elimination while maintaining effortful processes involved. In Study 2, we introduced the distinction between perceptual and conceptua … More l processing to the delineation of effective intervention for memory-impaired individuals. Patients with Alzheimer's disease learned a list of words under each of four study conditions that were designed by crossing the error (errorless vs. errorful) and the feature (perceptual vs. conceptual) factors. The errorless and conceptual condition led to better recall than did the remaining three conditions. In addition to error elimination, the emphasizing of conceptual encoding was likely to contribute to the optimal learning by dementia patients. In Study 3, patients with Korsakoff's syndrome and nonamnesic controls were required to learn object names with or without verbally generating their actions and with or without actually performing the generated actions. Verbal generation with or without performing actions facilitated recognition, whereas recall advantage was found only in the verbal generation-plus performance condition. A comparable memory advantage of self-performed tasks was confirmed for the amnesic and controls groups. Less

消失线索法（MVC）被认为是一种无错误和费力的训练过程，因此有望为记忆障碍者提供最佳的学习环境。然而，我们之前的研究表明，MVC比无衰落的无错误学习效果更差。在研究1中，我们修改了MVC的消失阶段的数量增加使用感知退化的刺激消失线索。在四种不同的研究条件下，研究对象被要求学习范畴-范例对。无错误的学习被证明比错误的学习更有益，重复了以前的发现。相比之下，只有当任务提供的环境支持很少，需要自我启动检索时，努力的好处才会出现。修订后的MVC被发现强调逐渐褪色和错误消除，同时保持努力的过程。在研究2中，我们介绍了知觉和概念之间的区别， ...更多信息 l加工，以划定有效的干预记忆受损的个人。阿尔茨海默病患者在四种研究条件下学习一系列单词，这些条件是通过交叉错误（无错误与有错误）和特征（感知与概念）因素设计的。无错误和概念条件导致更好的回忆比其余三个条件。除了消除错误外，强调概念编码可能有助于痴呆患者的最佳学习。在研究3中，Korsakoff综合征患者和非健忘症对照组被要求学习物体名称，有或没有口头产生他们的行动，有或没有实际执行产生的行动。言语生成与或不执行的行动促进再认，而回忆优势只被发现在言语生成加性能条件。一个类似的记忆优势，自我执行的任务被证实为健忘症和控制组。少