Neuropsychological investigation of executive function using repetition blindness, negative priming, and directed forgetting tasks
使用重复盲、负启动和定向遗忘任务对执行功能进行神经心理学研究
基本信息
- 批准号:12610077
- 负责人:
- 金额:$ 1.73万
- 依托单位:
- 依托单位国家:日本
- 项目类别:Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
- 财政年份:2000
- 资助国家:日本
- 起止时间:2000 至 2002
- 项目状态:已结题
- 来源:
- 关键词:
项目摘要
The present study attempted to analyze three kinds of memory phenomena, repetition blindness, negative priming, and directed forgetting, by employing school-age children, college students, patients with frontal lobe damage, and those with alcoholic Korsakoff's syndrome as subjects. Theoretical analysis revealed that inhibitory phenomena are classified into three levels according to behavioral response, subject's intention of inhibition, and activation of irrelevant information. Comparisons of the performance on the tasks that measured the three kinds of memory phenomena were expected to permit us to clarify the nature of different types of inhibitory processing. Experimental analysis identified the materials and procedures that induced the three types of inhibitory phenomena robustly in college students. From an examination of the relation between children's inhibitory index and their teachers' ratings of inattention, it was found that, in comparison with grade-matched controls, first- to fourth-graders who were rated as inattentive showed poorer performance on the tasks that required intentional inhibition and sustained attention; in contrast, inattentive fifth- and sixth-graders' selective attention was inferior, but their sustained attention was not significantly different from other children's. Flanker and modality-interference tasks were taken by patients with frontal lobe damage and Korsakoff amnesics. Frontal patients were found to be significantly impaired in negative priming, but not in interference. Korsakoff patients were extremely slow in making responses, yet their negative priming and interference were both significant. These empirical findings suggest that the experimental tasks developed by the present study would help in elucidating the developmental trajectory of inhibitory functions and in assessing several types of inhibitory dysfunctions.
本研究以学龄儿童、大学生、额叶损伤患者和酒精性柯萨科夫综合征患者为研究对象,对重复盲视、负启动和定向遗忘三种记忆现象进行了分析。理论分析表明,抑制现象根据行为反应、被试的抑制意图和无关信息的激活可分为三个层次。通过对三种记忆现象在任务中的表现进行比较,我们有望弄清不同类型的抑制加工的本质。实验分析明确了诱发大学生这三种抑制现象的物质和过程。通过对儿童抑制指数与教师对注意力不集中程度评分之间关系的研究发现,与年级匹配的对照组相比,被评为注意力不集中的一至四年级学生在需要有意抑制和持续注意力的任务上表现较差;相比之下,注意力不集中的五年级和六年级学生的选择性注意力较差,但他们的持续注意力与其他孩子没有显著差异。对额叶损伤和Korsakoff健忘症患者进行侧卫任务和模态干扰任务。额叶患者在负启动方面明显受损,但在干扰方面没有明显受损。Korsakoff患者的反应极其缓慢,但他们的负启动和干扰都很显著。这些实证结果表明,本研究开发的实验任务将有助于阐明抑制功能的发展轨迹,并评估几种类型的抑制性功能障碍。
项目成果
期刊论文数量(19)
专著数量(0)
科研奖励数量(0)
会议论文数量(0)
专利数量(0)
滝沢佳久, 小松伸一: "ネガティブ・プライミングを指標とした抑制機能の分析"信州大学教育学部紀要. 103. 229-237 (2001)
泷泽吉久、小松真一:“以负启动为指标的抑制功能分析”信州大学教育学部通报 103. 229-237 (2001)。
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Yamadori, A: "Frontiers of human memory"Tohoku University Press. 315 (2002)
山鸟,A:《人类记忆的前沿》东北大学出版社。
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Komatsu, S., Mimura, M. Kato, M., & Kashima, H.: "Cross-script and within-script priming in alcoholic Korsakoff patients"Perceptual and Motor Skills. 96. 495-506 (2003)
小松,S.,三村,M. 加藤,M.,
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Imada, R., Komatsu, S., & Takahashi, T.: "Attentional functions: Development of a group-administered test battery for children"Japanese Journal of Educational Psychology. 51. 22-32 (2003)
今田 R.、小松 S.、
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今田里佳: "児童を対象とした集団式知能検査開発の試み"教育心理研究. 51. 22-32 (2003)
Rika Imada:“尝试开发儿童群体智力测试”教育心理学研究 51. 22-32 (2003)。
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KOMATSU Shin-ichi其他文献
KOMATSU Shin-ichi的其他文献
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{{ truncateString('KOMATSU Shin-ichi', 18)}}的其他基金
Cognitive rehabilitation for memory-impaired individuals : Optimizing the training procedure based on the two-factor model
记忆障碍个体的认知康复:基于双因素模型优化训练程序
- 批准号:
15530468 - 财政年份:2003
- 资助金额:
$ 1.73万 - 项目类别:
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
A cognitive neuropsychological model for memory rehabilitation of amnesic patients
遗忘症患者记忆康复的认知神经心理学模型
- 批准号:
09610075 - 财政年份:1997
- 资助金额:
$ 1.73万 - 项目类别:
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
Toward a model of dissociating implicit and explicit memory components.
建立一个分离内隐记忆和外显记忆成分的模型。
- 批准号:
07610071 - 财政年份:1995
- 资助金额:
$ 1.73万 - 项目类别:
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
相似海外基金
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5395997 - 财政年份:2002
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$ 1.73万 - 项目类别:
Research Grants
Semantic versus perceptual processing in negative priming: Implications for a memory-based account.
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- 批准号:
220263-1999 - 财政年份:1999
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$ 1.73万 - 项目类别:
Postdoctoral Fellowships
Negative priming in obsessive-compulsive patients: comparison of identity and location-based inhibition, and specification of processes using event-related potentials
强迫症患者的负启动:基于身份和位置的抑制的比较,以及使用事件相关电位的过程规范
- 批准号:
5220236 - 财政年份:1999
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ATTENTION AND AGING--UNDERSTANDING NEGATIVE PRIMING
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- 批准号:
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