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A Study on the garden cities on in the suburb of Paris

巴黎近郊花园城市研究

基本信息

批准号：
15560559
负责人：
DOI Yoshitake
金额：
$ 2.37万
依托单位：
KYUSHU UNIVERSITY (2004-2005)九州芸術工科大学 (2003)
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2003
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2003 至 2005
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-15560559/
关键词：
garden city Suresnes Stains Pre-Saint-Gervais Henri Sellier Maistrasse Public Office of Low-Cost Housing of the Seine Department 労働者住宅共同室住宅法

项目摘要

I did the fact-findings and analyzed the plans and documents about Surenses garden city in 2003 and 2004, and Stains and Pre-Saint-Gervais garden cities in 2005, making use of the documents I had found in the local museums, the Contemporary Archives of French Architecture and the National Archives.This research proved as consequent that these garden cities were influenced by the government's housing policy, and that however they stimulated this policy of the government at the same time. The lands were acquired by the budget of the Seine Department, while the constructions of houses were financed largely by the banking system of the Government.The analysis of the huge mass of collected architectural drawings revealed the typological development of house plans, from the 19^<th> century labor house types to so-called nLDK type, the 20^<th> century's universal type, and at the same time that the similar development is observed in the three garden cities, and that the prevalence of sanitary equipment was gradually rising.Under the initiative of Henri Sellier, socialist, president of the Public Office of Low-Cost Housing of the Seine Department, a group of architects was formed in each garden city. It is confirmed that theses groups were the background of the stylistic variety, provincial style in Suresnes, Dutch style in Pre-Saint-Gervais, for example.Finally, Sellier was aiming to establish a network of municipalities in the level of department, to improve the welfare work such as public health, communities, national education, professional training, and to construct a society composed with various social classes. It means Sellier was seeking something practical and different from the ideal city movement of the 19^<th> century. The initiative was taken by the administration in contrast to the garden cities in UK or Japan that were built by the private initiatives.

我利用我在当地博物馆、法国当代建筑档案馆和国家档案馆找到的文件，对2003年和2004年关于苏伦斯花园城市的规划和文件进行了调查和分析，并在2005年对苏伦斯花园城市的规划和文件进行了分析。这项研究证明，这些花园城市受到政府住房政策的影响，同时也刺激了政府的这一政策。这些土地是由塞纳省的预算获得的，而房屋的建设主要是由政府的银行系统提供资金。对收集的大量建筑图纸的分析揭示了房屋平面图的类型发展，从19世纪的劳务房类型到所谓的nLDK类型，即20世纪的通用类型，同时在三个花园城市也观察到了类似的发展，卫生设备的普及率正在逐渐上升。在塞纳省廉租房公共办公室主席、社会主义者亨利·塞尔利尔的倡议下，每个花园城市都形成了一群建筑师。这些群体是文体变化的背景，例如苏雷斯内省的地方风格，圣日耳韦之前的荷兰风格。最后，Sellier的目标是建立一个部门级的市政网络，改善公共卫生、社区、国民教育、专业培训等福利工作，并构建一个由各种社会阶层组成的社会。这意味着塞利耶正在寻求一种与19世纪的理想城市运动不同的实用的东西。这一倡议是由政府采取的，与英国或日本由私人倡议建造的花园城市形成了鲜明对比。