Taxonomic study on the freshwater species of the lichen family Verrucariaceae of East Asia.

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Field surveys were conducted to reveal the taxonomy of freshwater species of Verrucariaceae in Yunnan, China where many possibly freshwater species of this family were reported. Collected specimens were examined in detail, taxonomic study was made, and the followings were recognized : Dermatocarpon (1 sp.), Endocarpon (1 sp.), Staurothele (3 spp.), Thelidium (4 spp.), and Verucaria (13 spp.). Species of the foliose and squamulose genera (Dermatocarpon and Endocarpon) were same with those found in Japan, but there are siginificant differences for crustose genera. The following new species were recognized: Staurothele honghensis H.Harada & Li S.Wang, Thelidium luchunense H.Harada & Li S.Wang, T.sinense H.Harada & Li S.Wang, T.yunnanum H.Harada & Li S.Wang, and 7 species of Verrucaria (in preparation). In addition, a field survey was conducted in northern Taiwan to reveal the identity of Staurothele fauriei de Lesd., which was described on the basis of a specimen collected by U.Faurie in northermost Taiwan. As the result, a freshwater species of Staurothele was found on riverside rocks, which is conspecific with Staurothele iwatsukii H.Harada originally described from Japan with some subtle morphological diffrences. It is possibly conspecific with Staurothele fauriei ; however, the type specimen of Staurothele fauriei, on the other hand, could not be located, thus the identity of this species is still unknown. Thus, it is best choice at present that the freshwater Staurothele be called Staurothele iwatsukii.