Risk evaluation of the reproductive effects of chemicals acting on the nervous system in the occupationally exposed population

我们评估了接触杀虫剂的工人的生殖功能对神经系统的作用。对某农药公司54名男性职工进行问卷调查，了解其主观症状及子女的性别比。其中，对34名职工进行了以下指标测量；血清睾酮、促卵泡激素（FSH）和黄体生成素浓度，暴露浓度的时间-体重平均值，以及杀虫剂和溶剂代谢物的尿液浓度。根据世界卫生组织手册对6名工人的精液指标进行了检测。尿溴离子浓度（一种有机卤化农药的代谢物）在暴露工人中明显高于对照组。除了甲苯（2.5-13.5 ppm）和乙酸乙酯（1.5-7.3 ppm）外，溶剂浓度几乎与一般人群相当，表明它们低于职业暴露限值。在工蜂后代及其性别比方面，观察到更多的差异。工人年龄与FSH浓度呈显著正相关。精液指标均在正常范围内，但参与比例仅为11.5%。总的来说，不太可能对工人的繁殖产生任何重大的毒性影响。另一项关于杀虫剂喷雾器的精液研究显示，在杀虫剂喷洒工作最频繁的夏季，与未接触杀虫剂的对照组相比，活力较低的精子显著增加。然而，其他指标没有阳性的生物学相关发现。因此，我们给雄性大鼠施用了一种睾丸毒物敌敌畏9周。结果显示，在诱导乙酰胆碱酯酶显著抑制的剂量下，活动精子的百分比有显著但很小的增加。我们不能断定工人身上观察到的影响仅仅是由于接触敌敌畏造成的。少

We evaluated the reproductive function of workers exposed to pesticides acting on the nervous system. A questionnaire survey was conducted on 54 males of a pesticide company, asking the workers their subjective symptoms and the sex ratio of their offspring. Of them, the following indices were measured for 34 workers ; the serum concentrations of testosterone, follicle stimulating hormone(FSH) and luteinizing hormone, the time-weight average of exposure concentrations, and the urinary concentrations of metabolites of the insecticide and solvents. Semen indices of six workers were examined according to the WHO manual. Urinary bromide ion concentrations, a metabolite of an organohalogenated pesticide, were significantly higher in the exposed workers than in the controls. The solvent concentrations were almost comparable with the general population except for toluene (2.5-13.5 ppm) and ethyl acetate (1.5-7.3 ppm), indicating that they were below the occupational exposure limits. No signifi … More cant differences were observed as to that of the workers' offspring and their sex ratio. A significant positive correlation was observed between the age of the workers and the FSH concentration. Semen indices were within normal limits, but the participation ratio was only 11.5%. As a whole, it is unlikely that there is any significant toxic effect on the reproduction of the workers.Another semen study on pesticide sprayers revealed a significant increase in sperm with lower motility compared to the non-exposed controls in summer when pesticide-spraying work is at maximum. However, there was no positive biologically relevant finding for other indices. Thus, we administered dichlorvos, suggestive of a testicular toxicant, to male rats for 9 weeks. The results showed a significant but small increase in the percentage of motile sperm at doses inducing marked inhibition of acetylcholine esterase. We could not conclude that the observed effects in the workers were attributable to dichlorvos exposure alone. Less