Nurses' awareness against nosocomial infection and onitoring of Methicillin resistant Staphyloccous aureus : a comparative study of developing country and Japan

2003年至2004年，通过问卷调查护士对医院感染的认识，并观察16名老挝护士的实际行为与标准预防措施，以供将来参考。自1993年以来，老挝一直在监测耐药金黄色葡萄球菌。老挝5家社区医院的151名护士（应答率100%）和冲绳3家社区医院的223名护士（应答率50.5%）回答了问卷。大多数护士认为护士的卷纸和洗手对于预防医院感染非常重要。92%的老挝护士经常考虑医院感染，而冲绳护士经常考虑医院感染的比例为65%，接触体液物质、血液、尿液和粪便时戴手套的老挝为87%，冲绳为88.7%。其他护士回答说：“如果有。“在老挝，97%的护士在照顾肺结核病人时戴口罩，3%的护士什么都不戴。65.3%的护士在护理受感染的病人时穿长袍，但在老挝，只有10.4%的必要场合看到实际洗手。不同护士洗手率不同。此外，病人护理前后的洗手率也有差异。只有几个护士认真洗手。我们认为，标准预防措施所需的设备和设施在2家医院中缺乏。对MRSA的监测表明，老挝人民民主共和国的医院处于MRSA流行的初始阶段。应在老挝人民民主共和国的医院建立感染控制小组并进行系统的监测。因此，需要在老挝人民民主共和国进行有关感染控制和MRSA仔细监测的系统护理教育。

Nurses' awareness against nosocomial infection was examined by questionnaire and sixteen Laotian nurses' actual behaviors with standards precautions were observed for future reference from 2003 to 2004. Monitoring drug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus has been carried out in Laos since 1993. 151 nurses (respond rate 100%) for 5 community hospitals in Laos and 223 nurses (respond rate 50.5%) for 3 community hospitals in Okinawa answered the questionnaire. Most nurses thought that the nurses' roll and hand washing were very important to prevent hospital infection. 92% of Laotian nurses always thought about nosocomial infection, but 65% of Okinawan nurses always thought about it. 87% of nurses who wore gloves when touching body fluid substance, blood, urine and feces were in Lao and 88.7% in Okinawa. Other nurses answered "If available." 97% of nurses wore masks when taking care of tuberculosis patients in Lao, 3% didn't wear anything. 65.3% of nurses wore gowns in an infected patient care, but actual hand-washing was seen in only 10.4% of the necessary occasions in Laos. Individual nurses' hand-washing rates differ from each other. Then there is a difference between the rate of hand-washing before and after patient care. There were only a few nurses who washed their hands properly. We think that the necessary equipment and facilities for standard precaution are scarce in 2 hospitals. Monitoring of MRSA suggests that the hospitals are in the initial stage of an MRSA epidemic in Lao PDR. Infection control teams should be established and systematic surveillance should be carried out in the hospitals in Lao PDR. Therefore, systematic nursing education about infection control and careful monitoring of MRSA in Lao PDR are required.