New embolic substance made by non biological material

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To evaluate the embolic effect, the tissue reaction, and the absorption of water-soluble polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) particles in renal arteries of pigs.Materials/Methods : Water-soluble PVA were specially made for this study. The chemical and physical properties of these round-shaped particles are : polymerization degree : 300, saponification degree : 97 and 99%, diameter range : 150-212 μm. The solubility of PVA into water was adjusted by the saponification degree. PVA (1 g in 5 ml of water-soluble contrast medium) was injected via a microcathter into the renal artery of pigs. Occlusion time was evaluated on angiography, and tissue reaction and absorption were evaluated by pathological examination.Results : Occlusion time on angiography was 30 minutes and three weeks with PVA saponification degrees at 97 and 99%, respectively. On histopathology, there was no residual embolization or severe foreign body reaction in the renal artery occluded with either PVA.Conclusion : Water-soluble PVA particles are an efficient temporary embolic material, since they block blood vessels without major tissue reactions, and their absorption can be controlled by adjusting their chemical properties.