The thresholds of political asylum. A literary and cultural history

沃尔特·本雅明奖学金框架内的研究项目是我自法国大革命以来欧洲（政治）庇护史的康复项目的一部分。一方面，“庇护”一词的转变以及与之相关的实践将被描述为法律的历史，另一方面，作为民族国家时代文化交流过程的舞台。根据指导论点，自18世纪晚期以来，庇护已经成为一个不稳定和有争议的言论场所。因此，直到今天，（非法）跨越国家边界与叙述的形式联系在一起，有时甚至是强迫的叙述。将庇护建模为一个话语过程，语言的表演力量，特别是“文学”制度开始发挥作用。一方面，这本计划出版的书是属于德国研究领域的，因为除了法国和英国作者之外，主要的德语文本也被仔细审查。另一方面，它恰恰是针对违背国家忠诚的行为。它关注的是“德国文学”的文本，这些文本没有再现语言、领土和国家的多重身份，而是将它们问题化。该项目旨在结合最近的研究领域，并在法律、移民、政治学和文化研究的基础上，发展一个关于庇护的话语历史概念，作为一个具体的、政治文学交流的场所。因此，它既着眼于文学与法律之间关系中一个鲜为人知的领域，也着眼于对流动的文化编码的作用的更精确的理解。在艾克斯-马赛大学（University of Aix-Marseille），我计划在2021年秋季学期（9月）开始学习20世纪上半叶的书籍章节。其中，20世纪30年代和40年代涌入巴黎和马赛的难民潮发挥了重要作用。通过与我的东道主Alexis Nuselovici教授以及Catherine Mazauric教授（艾克斯-马赛）等其他同事在艾克斯-马赛大学进行的非常有趣的流亡文化研究交换，以及在马赛相关档案研究的基础上，将阐述叙述，法律史和逃亡官僚主义之间的联系，并与庇护概念相关。在此期间，我将能够参加由Nuselovici教授发起的文学与流亡“实验室”，并展示我自己的成果。我还将了解由Nuselovici教授领导的巴黎高等学院“流亡与移民”研究小组的工作。在我的研究结束时，我将在同行评议的文学研究期刊上发表一篇文章。

The research project within the framework of the Walter Benjamin Fellowship is part of my habilitation project on the history of European (political) asylum since the French Revolution. The transformations of the term 'asylum' and the practices associated with it will be described, on the one hand, as a history of law, and, on the other hand, as an arena of cultural communication processes in the age of the nation-state. Asylum, according to the guiding thesis, has become a site of precarious and contested speech since the late 18th century. Thus, to this day, the (illegal) crossing of a state border is associated with forms of narrative, sometimes even of coerced narration. Modeling asylum as a discursive process, the performative power of language and especially the institution of 'literature' comes into play.On the one hand, the planned book is located within the field of German studies, insofar as - besides French and English authors - predominantly German-language texts are scrutinized. On the other hand, it aims precisely at the transgressions of national adherence. It focuses such texts of 'German literature' that do not reproduce the multiple identities of language, territory, and state, but rather problematize them. The project aims to tie in with recent fields of research and to develop a discourse-historical conception of asylum as the site of a specific, political-literary communication on the basis of studies in law, migration, political science, and cultural studies. It thus aims both at a little-noticed area in the relationship between literature and law and at a more precise understanding of the role of cultural encodings of mobility.For the time at the University of Aix-Marseille, which could start in fall-term 2021 (september), I plan to work on book chapters on the first half of the 20th century. In these, the waves of refugees in the 1930s and 40s towards Paris and Marseille in particular play a central role. In exchange with the highly interesting cultural studies research on exile conducted at the University of Aix-Marseille by my host Prof. Alexis Nuselovici, but also by other colleagues such as Prof. Catherine Mazauric (Aix-Marseille), as well as on the basis of studies in relevant archives in Marseille, the connection between narration, legal history and the bureaucracy of flight will be elaborated and related to conceptions of asylum. During my stay, I will be able to participate in the "Laboratoire" on literature and exile initiated by Prof. Nuselovici and present my own results. I will also get to know the work of the research group "Exil et Migrations" at the Collège d'études mondiales (Paris), which is also directed by Prof. Nuselovici. At the end of my research stay, I will publish an article in a peer-reviewed literary studies journal.