Studies about developmental process of azalea cultivar groups and their biparental inheritance of chloroplast.

杜鹃亚属杜鹃组杜鹃是日本杜鹃花的重要遗传资源，在日本约50种杜鹃花中占有重要地位。然而，它们的起源和亲本物种仍然未知。此外，该属在属下的界限和等级方面提出了系统问题。基于ITS和matK等DNA序列的分子系统发育分析，由于种间亲缘关系较近，目前尚不能明确恙虫亚属内的亲缘关系（Kurashige et al.2001 *）。在这项研究中，为了澄清日本观赏万年青杜鹃花的起源，我们调查了几乎所有的Tsutsui亚属物种（20个分类群）之间的系统发育关系。对日本产的20个种和变种的97个株系进行了AFLP分析。R.对于所有植物，使用2个引物组（EcoRI-ACT/MseI-CTA，EcoRI-AAG/MseI-CAT）。亚组22种。用EcoRI-ACT/MseI-CAT、EcoRI-AAG/MaeI-CTA等4对引物，利用PAUP程序中的NJ法构建系统发育树。通过对1,000个重复样本的AFLP分析，可以为恙虫亚属的亲缘关系研究提供有用的信息。利用AFLP分子标记技术研究杜鹃花属植物的起源，将有助于进一步研究杜鹃花属植物的起源。

Within about 50 Rhododendron species native to Japan, subgenus Tsutsusi section Tsutsusi is the most important genetic resource for ornamental evergreen azaleas. However, their origin and parental species are still unknown. In addition, the genus has posed systematic problems in terms of infrageneric circumscription and ranks. Molecular phylogenetic analysis based on DNA sequence such as ITS and matKregions haven't been clarified the relationships within the subgenus Tsutsusi due to the close relationship between species (Kurashige et al. 2001*).In this study, to clarify the origin of Japanese ornamental evergreen azaleas, we investigated phylogenetic relationships among almost all subgenus Tsutsusi species (20 taxa) native to Japan by AFLP markers.DNA isolated from 97 plants of 20 species and varieties of subgenus Tsutsusi were subjected to AFLP analysis. R. tashiroi (subgenus Sciadorhodion) was used as outgroup species.For all plants, 2 primer sets (EcoRI-ACT/MseI-CTA, EcoRI-AAG/MseI-CAT) were used. For 22 plants of subsect. Tsutsusi and Macrosepala, 4 primer sets (EcoRI-ACT/MseI-CAT, EcoRI-AAG/MaeI-CTA) were used.Phylogenetic trees were calculated by the neighbor-joining (NJ) method of the PAUP program. The bootstrap method on 1,000 replicated was assessed.AFLP analysis can provide useful information of the phylogenetic relationship of subgenus Tsutsusi. AFLP markers specific to each taxon or population will be applicable to clarify the origin of Japanese evergreen azalea cultivars in future.