Coordination Funds

协调基金

• 批准号: 467445552
• 负责人: Professorin Dr. Nina Farwig
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Arbeitsgruppe Naturschutz
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Units
• 资助国家: 德国
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/467445552?language=en
• 关键词: Coordination; Funds

The tropical mountain rain and dry forests (MRF, MDF) of SE-Ecuador are threatened by climate and land-use changes. Their diversity and complexity make projections how they respond to environmental changes challenging. As a solution, we combined a trait-based Response-Effect-Framework (REF) with an improved Land Surface Model (LSM) in phase 1 of RESPECT to project the response of two target ecosystem functions (TF), biomass production and water fluxes, to environmental changes. We focused on the MRF where we successfully implemented a plot system and sampled abiotic drivers, biotic trait and process data for a-priori selected plant functional types (PFTs). We conducted first REF analyses that pointed to a complex interplay between abiotic drivers, trait diversity and biotic processes for the TFs. We developed the locally adapted, biodiversity informed LSM HUMBOL-TD (Hydroatmo Unified Model of BiOtic interactions and Local Trait Diversity) by coupling three models that cover the relevant compartments of the MRF. Improvements were new modules on herbivory and mycorrhiza-mediated nutrient uptake. Model testing with independent data showed that local functional trait and soil data substantially improve the simulations.In phase 2, we will keep our focus on unveiling how ecosystem biomass production and water fluxes are affected by climate and land-use changes through alterations in response and effect traits but extend our core plot system and sampling scheme based on a-priori selected PFTs to the adjacent MDF. The very large abiotic gradient and the differing seasonality offers unprecedented opportunities to gain a mechanistic understanding of the interplay between abiotic drivers, functional traits and biotic processes in these ecosystems forming the biodiversity hotspot. We will adapt and test the HUMBOL-TD to/for the MDF on the new core plot system. We will implement an area-wide version of the model for the entire catchments (MDR and MRF) by means of gridded remote sensing products, climate change scenario data and spatial-explicit optimized land-use scenarios. Our main aim is to test our central hypotheses on ecosystem resistance under different climate change scenarios and land-use change options with the area-wide model results and the REF. We expect that functional trait diversity is driven by water availability and seasonality in the MDF, whereas it is driven by nutrient availability and temperature in the MRF. We also expect that functional redundancy stabilizes responses of biotic processes to climate change. We hypothesize that functional trait diversity increases the resistance of the TFs to climate change. Similarly, we expect that functional trait diversity, and the resistance of the TFs decreases from natural forests to anthropogenic replacement systems. Nevertheless, we expect that adapted and sustainable land-use systems and landscape composition will enhance the resistance of MDF and MRF to climate change.

厄瓜多尔东南部热带山地雨干林（MRF， MDF）受到气候和土地利用变化的威胁。它们的多样性和复杂性使得预测它们如何应对环境变化具有挑战性。作为解决方案，我们在RESPECT的第一阶段将基于特征的响应-效应框架（REF）与改进的陆地表面模型（LSM）相结合，以预测两个目标生态系统功能（TF），生物量生产和水通量对环境变化的响应。我们将重点放在MRF上，成功地实施了一个地块系统，并对先验选择的植物功能类型（pft）的非生物驱动因素、生物性状和过程数据进行了采样。我们进行了首次REF分析，指出TFs的非生物驱动因素、性状多样性和生物过程之间存在复杂的相互作用。我们通过耦合覆盖MRF相关区域的三个模型，开发了局部适应的生物多样性信息LSM HUMBOL-TD（生物相互作用和局部性状多样性的水文大气统一模型）。改进是草食和菌根介导的营养吸收的新模块。独立数据的模型测试表明，局部功能特征和土壤数据大大改善了模拟结果。在第二阶段，我们将继续专注于揭示生态系统生物量生产和水通量如何通过响应和效应特征的变化受到气候和土地利用变化的影响，但将我们的核心样地系统和基于先验选择的PFTs的抽样方案扩展到邻近的MDF。非常大的非生物梯度和不同的季节性为在这些形成生物多样性热点的生态系统中获得非生物驱动因素、功能性状和生物过程之间相互作用的机制理解提供了前所未有的机会。我们将在新的核心地块系统上调整和测试HUMBOL-TD以适应MDF。我们将通过网格化遥感产品、气候变化情景数据和空间明确优化的土地利用情景，实现整个流域（MDR和MRF）的全区域模型。我们的主要目的是利用全区域模型结果和REF来验证我们关于不同气候变化情景和土地利用变化选择下生态系统抗性的核心假设。我们预计，功能性状多样性是由中高原的水分有效性和季节性驱动的，而是由中高原的养分有效性和温度驱动的。我们还期望功能冗余稳定生物过程对气候变化的响应。我们假设功能性性状多样性增加了TFs对气候变化的抵抗力。同样，我们预计功能性状多样性和对人工替代系统的抗性会从天然林减少。然而，我们预计适应和可持续的土地利用系统和景观组成将增强MDF和MRF对气候变化的抵抗力。