Development of Teaching the Structure and Function of the Human Body in Nursing Education

人体的结构和功能在护理教育中被视为一门重要的基础学科。然而，有人声称，这门学科对发展护理贡献不大。本研究旨在厘清本学科在护理教育中的角色，并提出突破性的建议，以开启本学科在护理教育中的进一步发展。首先，进行了专家会议和学生焦点小组访谈，讨论了以下主题：通过案例学习；2 .将身体结构和功能与护理联系起来；知识与实践并重的进修课程；关注疾病，5，展示护理实践，6。使用视听材料。利用这些发现，建立了一个实验班，并进行了分析。结果，通过案例研究和展示护理在具体情况下的作用，学生们似乎理解了护理，以及如何将人体结构和功能的知识应用于护理实践。角色扮演的方法也有助于学生了解病人。第三步，通过与临床护理专家、医生和大学教学人员的多次会议，制定了消化系统、内分泌系统和骨骼系统三个主题的课程指南和课程。在课程中，学生一开始就面对一个形象化的病人和他的生活，从身体、心理和社会的各个方面了解病人的问题。然后将身体问题集中在与日常生活的关系中进行讲述。对于自学，在课程正文后附有“准备部分”和“复习和进一步学习部分”，其中包括患者的病历和测试。

The structure and function of the human body is regarded as a subject of fundamental importance in nursing education. However, it has been claimed that the subject contributes little towards developing nursing care. This study aims to clarify the role of this subject in nursing education and to presents break-through proposals that will enable a start to be made in developing the subject further in nursing education. At first, specialists' sessions and focus group interviews among students were conducted, and the following topics had been addressed : 1.learning through case studies, 2.connecting body structure and function with nursing, 3.refresher courses in both knowledge and practice, 4.focus on disease, 5.demonstrating nursing practice, and 6.using audio-visual material. Utilizing these findings, an experimental class was set up and analyzed. As the results, learning through case studies and demonstrating the role of nursing in a concrete situation, students appeared to understand the nursing, and how knowledge of structure and function of the human body applies to nursing practice. Role-playing methods also helped students to understand the patient. As the third step, the course guidelines about three topics, namely digestive system, endocrine system, and skeletal system and curriculum were created through several meetings with clinical nurse specialists, medical doctors and teaching staff in the university. In the course, at the start students face a visualized patient and his/her life and learn patient's problems from various aspects physically, psychologically and socially. Then the physical problems are focused and told in the relation to the daily life. For self-learning, 'the preparation section' with medical record and tests of the patient and 'the review and further study section' are attached to the main text of the lecture.